IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reveco/v77y2022icp481-492.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Risk-return relationship and structural breaks: Evidence from China carbon market

Author

Listed:
  • Zhao, Lili
  • Wen, Fenghua

Abstract

This paper investigates the risk-return relationship of China carbon market by evaluating the risk compensation coefficients, especially to consider the structural breaks caused by the policy uncertainty and vital events would impact the investment and carbon market risk-return relations. In detail, we have constructed the time varying GARCH-M model to depict the characteristic of risk compensation coefficient in China carbon market, then adopted ICSS algorithm to investigate the structural breaks in the carbon market returns and measured their impacts on the risk compensation coefficients. Particularly, we have evaluated the asymmetry effects of positive and negative structural breaks to the market risk-return relationship. Therefore, we find the risk compensation coefficients of carbon markets are obviously time varying, heterogeneously influenced by return demand of the inherent risk, risk compensation and unexpected return of the upfront period. Besides, the structural breaks significantly affect and make asymmetry effects to the risk-return relationship. Last, the findings are helpful for policy making of the carbon market development and market participants to avoid risks and optimize portfolios.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao, Lili & Wen, Fenghua, 2022. "Risk-return relationship and structural breaks: Evidence from China carbon market," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 481-492.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reveco:v:77:y:2022:i:c:p:481-492
    DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2021.10.019
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1059056021002240
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.iref.2021.10.019?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chang, Kai & Pei, Ping & Zhang, Chao & Wu, Xin, 2017. "Exploring the price dynamics of CO2 emissions allowances in China's emissions trading scheme pilots," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 213-223.
    2. Benz, Eva & Trück, Stefan, 2009. "Modeling the price dynamics of CO2 emission allowances," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 4-15, January.
    3. Han, Meng & Ding, Lili & Zhao, Xin & Kang, Wanglin, 2019. "Forecasting carbon prices in the Shenzhen market, China: The role of mixed-frequency factors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 69-76.
    4. Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Nguyen, Duc Khuong & Sousa, Ricardo M., 2014. "Energy prices and CO2 emission allowance prices: A quantile regression approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 201-206.
    5. Bianconi, Marcelo & Yoshino, Joe A., 2012. "Firm Market Performance and Volatility in a National Real Estate Sector," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 230-253.
    6. Bekaert, Geert & Hoerova, Marie, 2016. "What do asset prices have to say about risk appetite and uncertainty?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 103-118.
    7. Zivot, Eric & Andrews, Donald W K, 2002. "Further Evidence on the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock, and the Unit-Root Hypothesis," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(1), pages 25-44, January.
    8. Fenghua Wen & Jihong Xiao & Chuangxia Huang & Xiaohua Xia, 2018. "Interaction between oil and US dollar exchange rate: nonlinear causality, time-varying influence and structural breaks in volatility," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(3), pages 319-334, January.
    9. Fenghua Wen & Zhifang He & Xiaohong Chen, 2014. "Investors’ Risk Preference Characteristics and Conditional Skewness," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-14, January.
    10. Fenghua Wen & Zhifang He & Xu Gong & Aiming Liu, 2014. "Investors’ Risk Preference Characteristics Based on Different Reference Point," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-9, April.
    11. Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Nguyen, Duc Khuong & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2016. "Global financial crisis and spillover effects among the U.S. and BRICS stock markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 257-276.
    12. Chang, Kai & Chen, Rongda & Chevallier, Julien, 2018. "Market fragmentation, liquidity measures and improvement perspectives from China's emissions trading scheme pilots," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 249-260.
    13. Wen, Fenghua & Zhao, Lili & He, Shaoyi & Yang, Guozheng, 2020. "Asymmetric relationship between carbon emission trading market and stock market: Evidences from China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    14. Bangzhu Zhu & Julien Chevallier & Shujiao Ma & Yiming Wei, 2015. "Examining the structural changes of European carbon futures price 2005-2012," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(5), pages 335-342, March.
    15. Xu Gong & Boqiang Lin, 2018. "Structural breaks and volatility forecasting in the copper futures market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(3), pages 290-339, March.
    16. Yu, Lean & Li, Jingjing & Tang, Ling & Wang, Shuai, 2015. "Linear and nonlinear Granger causality investigation between carbon market and crude oil market: A multi-scale approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 300-311.
    17. Junjun Jia & Huaqing Wu & Xiaoxuan Zhu & Jingwei Li & Ying Fan, 2020. "Price Break Points and Impact Process Evaluation in the EU ETS," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(8), pages 1691-1714, June.
    18. Philip, Dennis & Shi, Yukun, 2015. "Impact of allowance submissions in European carbon emission markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 27-37.
    19. Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Nguyen, Duc Khuong & Sousa, Ricardo M., 2014. "What explain the short-term dynamics of the prices of CO2 emissions?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 122-135.
    20. Wen, Fenghua & Wu, Nan & Gong, Xu, 2020. "China's carbon emissions trading and stock returns," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    21. Zhifang He & Linjie He & Fenghua Wen, 2019. "Risk Compensation and Market Returns: The Role of Investor Sentiment in the Stock Market," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(3), pages 704-718, February.
    22. Zhao, Lili & Wen, Fenghua & Wang, Xiong, 2020. "Interaction among China carbon emission trading markets: Nonlinear Granger causality and time-varying effect," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    23. Cong, Ren & Lo, Alex Y., 2017. "Emission trading and carbon market performance in Shenzhen, China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 414-425.
    24. Oberndorfer, Ulrich, 2009. "EU Emission Allowances and the stock market: Evidence from the electricity industry," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(4), pages 1116-1126, February.
    25. Qi, Shaozhou & Wang, Banban & Zhang, Jihong, 2014. "Policy design of the Hubei ETS pilot in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 31-38.
    26. Yinpeng Zhang & Zhixin Liu & Yingying Xu, 2018. "Carbon price volatility: The case of China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, October.
    27. repec:ipg:wpaper:2014-081 is not listed on IDEAS
    28. Engle, Robert F & Lilien, David M & Robins, Russell P, 1987. "Estimating Time Varying Risk Premia in the Term Structure: The Arch-M Model," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(2), pages 391-407, March.
    29. Jin, Jiayu & Han, Liyan & Wu, Lei & Zeng, Hongchao, 2020. "The hedging effect of green bonds on carbon market risk," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Huang, Huiqin & Wang, Chenglong & Yu, Wei & Zhu, Keying, 2023. "Does powerful executive holding a dual post as the board secretary reduce nonpunitive regulation?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    2. Lin, Xiaowei & Ding, Zijun & Chen, Aihua & Shi, Huaizhi, 2022. "Internal whistleblowing and stock price crash risk," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    3. Tang, Chun & Liu, Xiaoxing & Chen, Guangkun, 2023. "The spillover effects in the “Energy – Carbon – Stock” system – Evidence from China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    4. Chen, Huayi & Shi, Huai-Long & Zhou, Wei-Xing, 2024. "Carbon volatility connectedness and the role of external uncertainties: Evidence from China," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).
    5. Song, Yazhi & Liu, Tiansen & Li, Yin & Zhu, Yue & Ye, Bin, 2022. "Paths and policy adjustments for improving carbon-market liquidity in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    6. Li, Boyan & Diao, Xundi, 2023. "Structural break in different stock index markets in China," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    7. He, Zhifang & Sun, Hao & Chen, Jiaqi & Yang, Xin & Yin, Zhujia, 2023. "Dynamic interaction of risk–return trade-offs between oil market and China’s stock market: An analysis from the risk preferences perspective," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    8. Weiwen Li & Yijiang Zhou & Xingan Dai & Fang Hu, 2022. "Evaluation of Rural Tourism Landscape Resources in Terms of Carbon Neutrality and Rural Revitalization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-22, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhao, Lili & Wen, Fenghua & Wang, Xiong, 2020. "Interaction among China carbon emission trading markets: Nonlinear Granger causality and time-varying effect," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    2. Yi Yao & Lixin Tian & Guangxi Cao, 2022. "The Information Spillover among the Carbon Market, Energy Market, and Stock Market: A Case Study of China’s Pilot Carbon Markets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-18, April.
    3. Li, Xin & Li, Zheng & Su, Chi-Wei & Umar, Muhammad & Shao, Xuefeng, 2022. "Exploring the asymmetric impact of economic policy uncertainty on China's carbon emissions trading market price: Do different types of uncertainty matter?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    4. Guo, Li-Yang & Feng, Chao, 2021. "Are there spillovers among China's pilots for carbon emission allowances trading?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    5. Zheng, Yan & Yin, Hua & Zhou, Min & Liu, Wenhua & Wen, Fenghua, 2021. "Impacts of oil shocks on the EU carbon emissions allowances under different market conditions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    6. Wen, Fenghua & Zhao, Haocen & Zhao, Lili & Yin, Hua, 2022. "What drive carbon price dynamics in China?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    7. Chang, Kai & Chen, Rongda & Chevallier, Julien, 2018. "Market fragmentation, liquidity measures and improvement perspectives from China's emissions trading scheme pilots," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 249-260.
    8. Demiralay, Sercan & Gencer, Hatice Gaye & Bayraci, Selcuk, 2022. "Carbon credit futures as an emerging asset: Hedging, diversification and downside risks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    9. Chang, Kai & Ye, Zhifang & Wang, Weihong, 2019. "Volatility spillover effect and dynamic correlation between regional emissions allowances and fossil energy markets: New evidence from China’s emissions trading scheme pilots," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1314-1324.
    10. Wenjun Chu & Shanglei Chai & Xi Chen & Mo Du, 2020. "Does the Impact of Carbon Price Determinants Change with the Different Quantiles of Carbon Prices? Evidence from China ETS Pilots," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-19, July.
    11. Fang, Sheng & Lu, Xinsheng & Li, Jianfeng & Qu, Ling, 2018. "Multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis of carbon emission allowance and stock returns," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 509(C), pages 551-566.
    12. Adekoya, Oluwasegun B. & Oliyide, Johnson A. & Noman, Ambreen, 2021. "The volatility connectedness of the EU carbon market with commodity and financial markets in time- and frequency-domain: The role of the U.S. economic policy uncertainty," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    13. Li, Zheng-Zheng & Li, Yameng & Huang, Chia-Yun & Peculea, Adelina Dumitrescu, 2023. "Volatility spillover across Chinese carbon markets: Evidence from quantile connectedness method," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    14. Zheng, Yan & Zhou, Min & Wen, Fenghua, 2021. "Asymmetric effects of oil shocks on carbon allowance price: Evidence from China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    15. Li, Wenlan & Cheng, Yuxiang & Fang, Qiang, 2020. "Forecast on silver futures linked with structural breaks and day-of-the-week effect," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    16. Chen, Linfei & Zhao, Xuefeng, 2024. "A multiscale and multivariable differentiated learning for carbon price forecasting," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    17. Chen, Huayi & Shi, Huai-Long & Zhou, Wei-Xing, 2024. "Carbon volatility connectedness and the role of external uncertainties: Evidence from China," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).
    18. Guo, Li-Yang & Feng, Chao & Yang, Jun, 2022. "Can energy predict the regional prices of carbon emission allowances in China?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    19. Wu, Ruirui & Qin, Zhongfeng & Liu, Bing-Yue, 2022. "A systemic analysis of dynamic frequency spillovers among carbon emissions trading (CET), fossil energy and sectoral stock markets: Evidence from China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    20. Chang, Kai & Zhang, Chao, 2018. "Asymmetric dependence structure between emissions allowances and wholesale diesel/gasoline prices in emerging China's emissions trading scheme pilots," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 124-136.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reveco:v:77:y:2022:i:c:p:481-492. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620165 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.