IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v81y2018ip2p2299-2317.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The causes and effects of degradation of encapsulant ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules: A review

Author

Listed:
  • Oliveira, Michele Cândida Carvalho de
  • Diniz Cardoso, Antônia Sonia Alves
  • Viana, Marcelo Machado
  • Lins, Vanessa de Freitas Cunha

Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) modules are subject to climate-induced degradation that can affect their efficiency, stability, and operating lifetime. Among the weather and environment related mechanisms, the degradation mechanisms of the prominent polymer encapsulant, ethylene-vinyl-acetate copolymer (EVA), and the relationships of the stability of this material to the overall reliability of Si-based PV modules were addressed. The EVA function and properties correlated to its deterioration factors as temperature, moisture, and ultraviolet radiation (UV) were discussed in this work. The main objective of this study is to review the literature on EVA encapsulation and its degradation, which promotes the loss in performance of the PV module. The deleterious effects on EVA such as photodegradation, moisture, delamination, bubble formation and potential induced degradation (PID), their relationship with the polymer structure, chemical, mechanical, optical and electrical properties are approaches carried out in this review. This paper also provides a brief review of the developing field of EVA composites technology aiming at higher performance materials.

Suggested Citation

  • Oliveira, Michele Cândida Carvalho de & Diniz Cardoso, Antônia Sonia Alves & Viana, Marcelo Machado & Lins, Vanessa de Freitas Cunha, 2018. "The causes and effects of degradation of encapsulant ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2299-2317.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:81:y:2018:i:p2:p:2299-2317
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.039
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032117309851
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.039?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yan, Hu & Yuanhao, Wang & Hongxing, Yang, 2017. "TEOS/silane coupling agent composed double layers structure: A novel super-hydrophilic coating with controllable water contact angle value," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 2209-2216.
    2. Makrides, George & Zinsser, Bastian & Norton, Matthew & Georghiou, George E. & Schubert, Markus & Werner, Jürgen H., 2010. "Potential of photovoltaic systems in countries with high solar irradiation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 754-762, February.
    3. Sharma, Vikrant & Chandel, S.S., 2013. "Performance and degradation analysis for long term reliability of solar photovoltaic systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 753-767.
    4. Davis, Kristopher O. & Rodgers, Marianne P. & Scardera, Giuseppe & Brooker, R. Paul & Seigneur, Hubert & Mohajeri, Nahid & Dhere, Neelkanth G. & Wohlgemuth, John & Schneller, Eric & Shiradkar, Narendr, 2016. "Manufacturing metrology for c-Si module reliability and durability Part II: Cell manufacturing," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 225-252.
    5. Jamil, Wan Juzaili & Abdul Rahman, Hasimah & Shaari, Sulaiman & Salam, Zainal, 2017. "Performance degradation of photovoltaic power system: Review on mitigation methods," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 876-891.
    6. Schneller, Eric J. & Brooker, R. Paul & Shiradkar, Narendra S. & Rodgers, Marianne P. & Dhere, Neelkanth G. & Davis, Kristopher O. & Seigneur, Hubert P. & Mohajeri, Nahid & Wohlgemuth, John & Scardera, 2016. "Manufacturing metrology for c-Si module reliability and durability Part III: Module manufacturing," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 992-1016.
    7. Agroui, Kamel & Collins, George, 2014. "Determination of thermal properties of crosslinked EVA encapsulant material in outdoor exposure by TSC and DSC methods," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 741-746.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Koester, L. & Lindig, S. & Louwen, A. & Astigarraga, A. & Manzolini, G. & Moser, D., 2022. "Review of photovoltaic module degradation, field inspection techniques and techno-economic assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    2. Waqar Akram, M. & Li, Guiqiang & Jin, Yi & Chen, Xiao, 2022. "Failures of Photovoltaic modules and their Detection: A Review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    3. Nadka Tz. Dintcheva & Elisabetta Morici & Claudio Colletti, 2023. "Encapsulant Materials and Their Adoption in Photovoltaic Modules: A Brief Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Tuhibur Rahman & Ahmed Al Mansur & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu & Md. Siddikur Rahman & Ratil H. Ashique & Mohamad Abou Houran & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Eklas Hossain, 2023. "Investigation of Degradation of Solar Photovoltaics: A Review of Aging Factors, Impacts, and Future Directions toward Sustainable Energy Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-30, April.
    5. Jaeun Kim & Matheus Rabelo & Siva Parvathi Padi & Hasnain Yousuf & Eun-Chel Cho & Junsin Yi, 2021. "A Review of the Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules for Life Expectancy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-21, July.
    6. Nain, Preeti & Kumar, Arun, 2020. "Understanding the possibility of material release from end-of-life solar modules: A study based on literature review and survey analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 903-918.
    7. Hamed Hanifi & Bengt Jaeckel & Matthias Pander & David Dassler & Sagarika Kumar & Jens Schneider, 2022. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Half-Cell Modules for Desert Climates: An Overview on Power, Performance, Durability and Costs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, April.
    8. Liao, Qijun & Li, Shaoyuan & Xi, Fengshuo & Tong, Zhongqiu & Chen, Xiuhua & Wan, Xiaohan & Ma, Wenhui & Deng, Rong, 2023. "High-performance silicon carbon anodes based on value-added recycling strategy of end-of-life photovoltaic modules," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    9. Fernández-Solas, Álvaro & Micheli, Leonardo & Almonacid, Florencia & Fernández, Eduardo F., 2021. "Optical degradation impact on the spectral performance of photovoltaic technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    10. Abdulwahab A. Q. Hasan & Ammar Ahmed Alkahtani & Seyed Ahmad Shahahmadi & Mohammad Nur E. Alam & Mohammad Aminul Islam & Nowshad Amin, 2021. "Delamination-and Electromigration-Related Failures in Solar Panels—A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-23, June.
    11. Fatih Selimefendigil & Damla Okulu & Hakan F. Öztop, 2023. "Photovoltaic Thermal Management by Combined Utilization of Thermoelectric Generator and Power-Law-Nanofluid-Assisted Cooling Channel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-29, March.
    12. Meena, Roopmati & Pareek, Arti & Gupta, Rajesh, 2024. "A comprehensive Review on interfacial delamination in photovoltaic modules," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    13. Jongwon Ko & Kyunghwan Kim & Ji Woo Sohn & Hongjun Jang & Hae-Seok Lee & Donghwan Kim & Yoonmook Kang, 2023. "Review on Separation Processes of End-of-Life Silicon Photovoltaic Modules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-20, May.
    14. Luo, Wei & Clement, Carlos Enrico & Khoo, Yong Sheng & Wang, Yan & Khaing, Aung Myint & Reindl, Thomas & Kumar, Abhishek & Pravettoni, Mauro, 2021. "Photovoltaic module failures after 10 years of operation in the tropics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 327-335.
    15. Nivelle, Philippe & Tsanakas, John A. & Poortmans, Jef & Daenen, Michaël, 2021. "Stress and strain within photovoltaic modules using the finite element method: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    16. Santhakumari, Manju & Sagar, Netramani, 2019. "A review of the environmental factors degrading the performance of silicon wafer-based photovoltaic modules: Failure detection methods and essential mitigation techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 83-100.
    17. Hyeonwook Park & Wonshoup So & Woo Kyoung Kim, 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Modules by Combined Damp Heat and Temperature Cycle Test," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-12, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yilmaz, Saban & Ozcalik, Hasan Riza & Kesler, Selami & Dincer, Furkan & Yelmen, Bekir, 2015. "The analysis of different PV power systems for the determination of optimal PV panels and system installation—A case study in Kahramanmaras, Turkey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1015-1024.
    2. Song, Zhe & Liu, Jia & Yang, Hongxing, 2021. "Air pollution and soiling implications for solar photovoltaic power generation: A comprehensive review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    3. Aghaei, M. & Fairbrother, A. & Gok, A. & Ahmad, S. & Kazim, S. & Lobato, K. & Oreski, G. & Reinders, A. & Schmitz, J. & Theelen, M. & Yilmaz, P. & Kettle, J., 2022. "Review of degradation and failure phenomena in photovoltaic modules," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    4. Gallardo-Saavedra, Sara & Hernández-Callejo, Luis & Alonso-García, María del Carmen & Santos, José Domingo & Morales-Aragonés, José Ignacio & Alonso-Gómez, Víctor & Moretón-Fernández, Ángel & González, 2020. "Nondestructive characterization of solar PV cells defects by means of electroluminescence, infrared thermography, I–V curves and visual tests: Experimental study and comparison," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    5. Fabian Schoden & Anna Katharina Schnatmann & Tomasz Blachowicz & Hildegard Manz-Schumacher & Eva Schwenzfeier-Hellkamp, 2022. "Circular Design Principles Applied on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-32, November.
    6. Kumar, Manish & Kumar, Arun, 2017. "Performance assessment and degradation analysis of solar photovoltaic technologies: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 554-587.
    7. Dehghani, Ehsan & Jabalameli, Mohammad Saeed & Jabbarzadeh, Armin, 2018. "Robust design and optimization of solar photovoltaic supply chain in an uncertain environment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 139-156.
    8. Jingsheng Huang & Yaojie Sun & He Wang & Junjun Zhang, 2019. "Regular and Irregular Performance Variation of Module String and Occurred Conditions for Potential Induced Degradation-Affected Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-13, November.
    9. Trujillo, C.L. & Santamaría, F. & Gaona, E.E., 2016. "Modeling and testing of two-stage grid-connected photovoltaic micro-inverters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 533-542.
    10. Kahoul, Nabil & Chenni, Rachid & Cheghib, Hocine & Mekhilef, Saad, 2017. "Evaluating the reliability of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules in harsh environment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 66-72.
    11. Portolan dos Santos, Ísis & Rüther, Ricardo, 2014. "Limitations in solar module azimuth and tilt angles in building integrated photovoltaics at low latitude tropical sites in Brazil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 116-124.
    12. Conceição, Ricardo & González-Aguilar, José & Merrouni, Ahmed Alami & Romero, Manuel, 2022. "Soiling effect in solar energy conversion systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    13. Figgis, Benjamin & Ennaoui, Ahmed & Ahzi, Said & Rémond, Yves, 2017. "Review of PV soiling particle mechanics in desert environments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 872-881.
    14. Cucchiella, Federica & D’Adamo, Idiano, 2012. "Feasibility study of developing photovoltaic power projects in Italy: An integrated approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 1562-1576.
    15. Cai, Baoping & Liu, Yonghong & Ma, Yunpeng & Huang, Lei & Liu, Zengkai, 2015. "A framework for the reliability evaluation of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in the presence of intermittent faults," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 1308-1320.
    16. Sharma, Vikrant & Chandel, S.S., 2013. "Performance and degradation analysis for long term reliability of solar photovoltaic systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 753-767.
    17. Matos, Fernando B. & Camacho, José R. & Rodrigues, Pollyanna & Guimarães Jr., Sebastião C., 2011. "A research on the use of energy resources in the Amazon," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 3196-3206, August.
    18. Radhi, Hassan, 2012. "Trade-off between environmental and economic implications of PV systems integrated into the UAE residential sector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2468-2474.
    19. Kim, Byungil & Kim, Changyoon, 2018. "Estimating the effect of module failures on the gross generation of a photovoltaic system using agent-based modeling," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1019-1024.
    20. Santhakumari, Manju & Sagar, Netramani, 2019. "A review of the environmental factors degrading the performance of silicon wafer-based photovoltaic modules: Failure detection methods and essential mitigation techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 83-100.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:81:y:2018:i:p2:p:2299-2317. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.