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Load-shifting potential at SMEs manufacturing sites: A methodology and case study

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  • Pechmann, Agnes
  • Shrouf, Fadi
  • Chonin, Max
  • Steenhusen, Nanke

Abstract

Load balancing is an important aspect of today's power grids and will increase even further with the energy systems being changed towards a system based on renewable energy. Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may provide potential to engage in balancing activities of local energy systems. Therefore, the question arises of whether the load-shifting potential in manufacturing SMEs is high enough to be of use for balancing purposes. This paper proposes a methodology for determining the load-shifting potential of small- and medium-sized manufacturing companies based on technical, organizational, and economic criteria. The methodology was tested and refined in a medium-sized manufacturing company specializing in metal processing in Germany. The amount of daily shiftable energy was determined in the case company based on quantitative data. Energy consumption data of three additional companies were used to validate the methodology and to define the load-shifting potential of each company. Technical load-shifting potential varies among the investigated SMEs. Potentials of up to 848kWh per day were identified in one case, while in other cases, potentials were close to 35kWh. The type of factory (i.e., type of machines, production strategies) and flexibility of production schedule were identified as the main factors causing such variance.

Suggested Citation

  • Pechmann, Agnes & Shrouf, Fadi & Chonin, Max & Steenhusen, Nanke, 2017. "Load-shifting potential at SMEs manufacturing sites: A methodology and case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 431-438.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:78:y:2017:i:c:p:431-438
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.081
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    Cited by:

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    3. Dranka, Géremi Gilson & Ferreira, Paula, 2019. "Review and assessment of the different categories of demand response potentials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 280-294.
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    5. Seier, Maximilian & Schebek, Liselotte, 2017. "Model-based investigation of residual load smoothing through dynamic electricity purchase: The case of wastewater treatment plants in Germany," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 210-224.
    6. Alexander Brem & Ken Bruton & Paul D. O’Sullivan, 2021. "Assessing the Risk to Indoor Thermal Environments on Industrial Sites Offering AHU Capacity for Demand Response," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-28, October.
    7. Wolf, Isabel & Holzapfel, Peter K.R. & Meschede, Henning & Finkbeiner, Matthias, 2023. "On the potential of temporally resolved GHG emission factors for load shifting: A case study on electrified steam generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    8. Kerstin Fritzsche & Silke Niehoff & Grischa Beier, 2018. "Industry 4.0 and Climate Change—Exploring the Science-Policy Gap," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, November.
    9. Alexander Brem & Dominic T. J. O’Sullivan & Ken Bruton, 2021. "Advancing the Industrial Sectors Participation in Demand Response within National Electricity Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-26, December.
    10. Wanapinit, Natapon & Thomsen, Jessica & Weidlich, Anke, 2022. "Integrating flexibility provision into operation planning: A generic framework to assess potentials and bid prices of end-users," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).

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