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Numerical analysis of carbon-based perovskite tandem solar cells: Pathways towards high efficiency and stability

Author

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  • Salah, Mostafa M.
  • Saeed, Ahmed
  • Mousa, Mohamed
  • Abouelatta, Mohamed
  • Zekry, A.
  • Shaker, Ahmed
  • Amer, Fathy Z.
  • Mubarak, Roaa I.

Abstract

Multi-junction solar cells exhibit superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) in comparison with their single-junction counterparts. The tunable bandgap, low-cost, elevated short circuit current density (Jsc), and open-circuit voltage (Voc) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have led to their widespread adoption as top sub-cells in tandem devices. Stability remains a significant challenge for these cells. To address this issue, carbon perovskite solar cells (CPSCs) have emerged as a potential solution, offering enhanced stability without hole transport layers (HTLs). This study focuses on the simulation of HTL-free CPSCs using an improved electron transport material (ETM) instead of TiO2. The implementation of this enhancement leads to a notable increase in the PCE of the CPSCs, rising from 7.97 % to 14.38 %. Through optimizing the defect concentration and doping density of the perovskite absorber layer, a significant improvement in the PCE is achieved, reaching 16.87 %. A novel configuration incorporating a gradient doping profile in the perovskite layer is introduced, leading to a remarkable enhancement in the PCE, which reaches 22.22 %. Two absorber materials are suggested, CIGS and GeTe, as bottom sub-cells. Three tandem cell configurations, PSC/CIGS, CPSC/CIGS, and CPSC/GeTe, are rigorously explored based on the optimized sub-cells. The PCEs of the proposed configurations are found to be 30.52 %, 22.7 %, and 36.59 %, respectively. Computational analysis reveals that the PSC/CIGS tandem cell exhibits lower stability against temperature variations compared to CPSC/CIGS and CPSC/GeTe. Additionally, the proposed CPSC/GeTe tandem is highly praised as a favorable contender, offering both high efficiency and stability among the various configurations considered in this study.

Suggested Citation

  • Salah, Mostafa M. & Saeed, Ahmed & Mousa, Mohamed & Abouelatta, Mohamed & Zekry, A. & Shaker, Ahmed & Amer, Fathy Z. & Mubarak, Roaa I., 2024. "Numerical analysis of carbon-based perovskite tandem solar cells: Pathways towards high efficiency and stability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:189:y:2024:i:pb:s1364032123008997
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.114041
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Romain Cariou & Jan Benick & Frank Feldmann & Oliver Höhn & Hubert Hauser & Paul Beutel & Nasser Razek & Markus Wimplinger & Benedikt Bläsi & David Lackner & Martin Hermle & Gerald Siefer & Stefan W. , 2018. "Author Correction: III–V-on-silicon solar cells reaching 33% photoconversion efficiency in two-terminal configuration," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(6), pages 529-529, June.
    2. Michaja Pehl & Anders Arvesen & Florian Humpenöder & Alexander Popp & Edgar G. Hertwich & Gunnar Luderer, 2017. "Understanding future emissions from low-carbon power systems by integration of life-cycle assessment and integrated energy modelling," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 2(12), pages 939-945, December.
    3. Fabrizio Giordano & Antonio Abate & Juan Pablo Correa Baena & Michael Saliba & Taisuke Matsui & Sang Hyuk Im & Shaik M. Zakeeruddin & Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin & Anders Hagfeldt & Michael Graetzel, 2016. "Enhanced electronic properties in mesoporous TiO2 via lithium doping for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-6, April.
    4. Romain Cariou & Jan Benick & Frank Feldmann & Oliver Höhn & Hubert Hauser & Paul Beutel & Nasser Razek & Markus Wimplinger & Benedikt Bläsi & David Lackner & Martin Hermle & Gerald Siefer & Stefan W. , 2018. "Author Correction: III–V-on-silicon solar cells reaching 33% photoconversion efficiency in two-terminal configuration," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(7), pages 606-606, July.
    5. Romain Cariou & Jan Benick & Frank Feldmann & Oliver Höhn & Hubert Hauser & Paul Beutel & Nasser Razek & Markus Wimplinger & Benedikt Bläsi & David Lackner & Martin Hermle & Gerald Siefer & Stefan W. , 2018. "III–V-on-silicon solar cells reaching 33% photoconversion efficiency in two-terminal configuration," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(4), pages 326-333, April.
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