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Boron in geothermal energy: Sources, environmental impacts, and management in geothermal fluid

Author

Listed:
  • Mott, A.
  • Baba, A.
  • Hadi Mosleh, M.
  • Ökten, H.E.
  • Babaei, M.
  • Gören, A.Y.
  • Feng, C.
  • Recepoğlu, Y.K.
  • Uzelli, T.
  • Uytun, H.
  • Morata, D.
  • Yüksel, A.
  • Sedighi, M.

Abstract

The problem of hazardous chemicals in geothermal fluid is a critical environmental concern in geothermal energy developments. Boron is among the hazardous contaminants reported to be present at high concentrations in geothermal fluids in various countries. Poor management and inadequate treatment of geothermal fluids can release excessive boron to the environment that has toxic effects on plants, humans, and animals. Despite the importance of boron management in geothermal fluid, limited and fragmented resources exist that provide a comprehensive understanding of its sources, transport and fate, and the treatment strategies in geothermal energy context. This paper presents the first critical review from a systematic and comprehensive review on different aspects of boron in geothermal fluid including its generation, sources, toxicity, ranges and the management approaches and treatment technologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Mott, A. & Baba, A. & Hadi Mosleh, M. & Ökten, H.E. & Babaei, M. & Gören, A.Y. & Feng, C. & Recepoğlu, Y.K. & Uzelli, T. & Uytun, H. & Morata, D. & Yüksel, A. & Sedighi, M., 2022. "Boron in geothermal energy: Sources, environmental impacts, and management in geothermal fluid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:167:y:2022:i:c:s1364032122007080
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112825
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Finster, Molly & Clark, Corrie & Schroeder, Jenna & Martino, Louis, 2015. "Geothermal produced fluids: Characteristics, treatment technologies, and management options," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 952-966.
    2. Alessandro Lenzi & Marco Paci & Geoffrey Giudetti & Roberto Gambini, 2021. "Tracing Ancient Carbon Dioxide Emission in the Larderello Area by Means of Historical Boric Acid Production Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-16, July.
    3. Moya, Diego & Paredes, Juan & Kaparaju, Prasad, 2018. "Technical, financial, economic and environmental pre-feasibility study of geothermal power plants by RETScreen – Ecuador's case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 628-637.
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    5. Soltani, M. & Moradi Kashkooli, Farshad & Souri, Mohammad & Rafiei, Behnam & Jabarifar, Mohammad & Gharali, Kobra & Nathwani, Jatin S., 2021. "Environmental, economic, and social impacts of geothermal energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
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