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Assessing hydraulic conditions through Francis turbines using an autonomous sensor device

Author

Listed:
  • Fu, Tao
  • Deng, Zhiqun Daniel
  • Duncan, Joanne P.
  • Zhou, Daqing
  • Carlson, Thomas J.
  • Johnson, Gary E.
  • Hou, Hongfei

Abstract

Fish can be injured or killed during turbine passage. This paper reports the first in-situ evaluation of hydraulic conditions that fish experienced during passage through Francis turbines using an autonomous sensor device at Arrowrock, Cougar, and Detroit Dams. Among different turbine passage regions, most of the severe events occurred in the stay vane/wicket gate and the runner regions. In the stay vane/wicket gate region, almost all severe events were collisions. In the runner region, both severe collisions and severe shear events occurred. At Cougar Dam, at least 50% fewer releases experienced severe collisions in the runner region operating at peak efficiency than at the minimum and maximum opening, indicating the wicket gate opening could affect hydraulic conditions in the runner region. A higher percentage of releases experienced severe events in the runner region when passing through the Francis turbines than through an advanced hydropower Kaplan turbine (AHT) at Wanapum Dam. The nadir pressures of the three Francis turbines were more than 50% lower than those of the AHT. The three Francis turbines had much higher magnitudes and rates of pressure change than the AHT. This study provides critical information on hydraulic conditions and fish passage information of Francis turbines, which can help guide future laboratory studies of fish passing through Francis turbine, design fish-friendly turbines, and optimize the operation of existing turbines for better fish passage conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Fu, Tao & Deng, Zhiqun Daniel & Duncan, Joanne P. & Zhou, Daqing & Carlson, Thomas J. & Johnson, Gary E. & Hou, Hongfei, 2016. "Assessing hydraulic conditions through Francis turbines using an autonomous sensor device," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 1244-1252.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:99:y:2016:i:c:p:1244-1252
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.029
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kumar, Pardeep & Saini, R.P., 2010. "Study of cavitation in hydro turbines--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 374-383, January.
    2. Deng, Zhiqun & Carlson, Thomas J. & Ploskey, Gene R. & Richmond, Marshall C. & Dauble, Dennis D., 2007. "Evaluation of blade-strike models for estimating the biological performance of Kaplan turbines," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 208(2), pages 165-176.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zaher Mundher Yaseen & Ameen Mohammed Salih Ameen & Mohammed Suleman Aldlemy & Mumtaz Ali & Haitham Abdulmohsin Afan & Senlin Zhu & Ahmed Mohammed Sami Al-Janabi & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Tiyasha Tiyasha &, 2020. "State-of-the Art-Powerhouse, Dam Structure, and Turbine Operation and Vibrations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-40, February.
    2. Linda Vikström & Kjell Leonardsson & Johan Leander & Samuel Shry & Olle Calles & Gustav Hellström, 2020. "Validation of Francis–Kaplan Turbine Blade Strike Models for Adult and Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar, L.) and Anadromous Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta, L.) Passing High Head Turbines," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-13, August.
    3. Ine S. Pauwels & Raf Baeyens & Gert Toming & Matthias Schneider & David Buysse & Johan Coeck & Jeffrey A. Tuhtan, 2020. "Multi-Species Assessment of Injury, Mortality, and Physical Conditions during Downstream Passage through a Large Archimedes Hydrodynamic Screw (Albert Canal, Belgium)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-25, October.
    4. Klopries, Elena-Maria & Schüttrumpf, Holger, 2020. "Mortality assessment for adult European eels (Anguilla Anguilla) during turbine passage using CFD modelling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1481-1490.
    5. Martinez, Jayson J. & Deng, Zhiqun Daniel & Mueller, Robert & Titzler, Scott, 2020. "In situ characterization of the biological performance of a Francis turbine retrofitted with a modular guide vane," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    6. Hongfei Hou & Zhiqun Daniel Deng & Jayson J. Martinez & Tao Fu & Joanne P. Duncan & Gary E. Johnson & Jun Lu & John R. Skalski & Richard L. Townsend & Li Tan, 2018. "A Hydropower Biological Evaluation Toolset (HBET) for Characterizing Hydraulic Conditions and Impacts of Hydro-Structures on Fish," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-13, April.
    7. Phoevos (Foivos) Koukouvinis & John Anagnostopoulos, 2023. "State of the Art in Designing Fish-Friendly Turbines: Concepts and Performance Indicators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-25, March.
    8. Martinez, J.J. & Deng, Z.D. & Titzler, P.S. & Duncan, J.P. & Lu, J. & Mueller, R.P. & Tian, C. & Trumbo, B.A. & Ahmann, M.L. & Renholds, J.F., 2019. "Hydraulic and biological characterization of a large Kaplan turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 240-249.
    9. Phoevos (Foivos) Koukouvinis & John Anagnostopoulos, 2023. "Simulating Fish Motion through a Diagonal Reversible Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-17, January.

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