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Physical–chemical–morphological characterization of the whole sugarcane lignocellulosic biomass used for 2G ethanol production by spectroscopy and microscopy techniques

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  • Pereira, Sandra C.
  • Maehara, Larissa
  • Machado, Cristina M.M.
  • Farinas, Cristiane S.

Abstract

The natural recalcitrance of sugarcane lignocellulosic biomass remains a challenge for second generation (2G) ethanol production. Here, the physical–chemical–morphological characteristics of the whole sugarcane lignocellulosic biomass (including bagasse, straw, and tops) from commercial sugarcane varieties were evaluated before and after dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment, in order to help predict the behaviors of these materials during the 2G ethanol process. Analyses using NMR, FTIR, XRD, and SEM showed that the properties of the sugarcane varieties evaluated here were very similar. The crystallinity index values calculated from the XRD results were also similar for the different residue fractions, and were higher after pretreatment due to the removal of hemicellulose. The lignin and crystalline cellulose FTIR absorption bands were most intense for bagasse, followed by straw and tops. NMR analysis identified the presence of skeletal aromatic and methoxyl groups, attributed to the lignin structure, with the intensity of the signals following the order: bagasse > straw > tops. SEM images showed that structural disruption followed the order: tops > straw > bagasse. The spectral and morphological differences helped to elucidate the characteristics that made the bagasse fraction of the sugarcane residue less susceptible to enzymatic saccharification. Differences between the spectra for straw and tops indicated that the straw was less easily digested by enzymatic action, as also indicated by the morphological analysis. The results demonstrate that the combined use of spectroscopy and microscopy techniques can contribute to understanding the behavior of different biomasses intended to be used for 2G ethanol production.

Suggested Citation

  • Pereira, Sandra C. & Maehara, Larissa & Machado, Cristina M.M. & Farinas, Cristiane S., 2016. "Physical–chemical–morphological characterization of the whole sugarcane lignocellulosic biomass used for 2G ethanol production by spectroscopy and microscopy techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 607-617.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:87:y:2016:i:p1:p:607-617
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.10.054
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    1. Sindhu, Raveendran & Kuttiraja, Mathiyazhakan & Binod, Parameswaran & Sukumaran, Rajeev Kumar & Pandey, Ashok, 2014. "Physicochemical characterization of alkali pretreated sugarcane tops and optimization of enzymatic saccharification using response surface methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 362-368.
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    2. Zhang, Pengchao & Hu, Hongyun & Tang, Hua & Yang, Yuhan & Liu, Huan & Lu, Qiang & Li, Xian & Worasuwannarak, Nakorn & Yao, Hong, 2019. "In-depth experimental study of pyrolysis characteristics of raw and cooking treated shrimp shell samples," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 730-738.
    3. Granados, D.A. & Ruiz, R.A. & Vega, L.Y. & Chejne, F., 2017. "Study of reactivity reduction in sugarcane bagasse as consequence of a torrefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 818-827.
    4. Bala, Anju & Singh, Bijender, 2019. "Development of an environmental-benign process for efficient pretreatment and saccharification of Saccharum biomasses for bioethanol production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 12-24.
    5. Yakaboylu, Gunes A. & Jiang, Changle & Yumak, Tugrul & Zondlo, John W. & Wang, Jingxin & Sabolsky, Edward M., 2021. "Engineered hierarchical porous carbons for supercapacitor applications through chemical pretreatment and activation of biomass precursors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 276-287.
    6. Nishu, & Li, Chong & Chai, Meiyun & Rahman, Md. Maksudur & Li, Yingkai & Sarker, Manobendro & Liu, Ronghou, 2021. "Performance of alkali and Ni-modified ZSM-5 during catalytic pyrolysis of extracted hemicellulose from rice straw for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 936-951.
    7. Bala, Anju & Singh, Bijender, 2019. "Cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes of thermophiles for the production of renewable biofuels," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 1231-1244.

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