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Theoretical and experimental investigations of a downdraft biomass gasifier-spark ignition engine power system

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  • Centeno, Felipe
  • Mahkamov, Khamid
  • Silva Lora, Electo E.
  • Andrade, Rubenildo V.

Abstract

A mathematical model which was developed to predict steady state performance of a biomass downdraft gasifier/spark ignition engine power system is described. A mathematical model of the integrated system consists of two parts: the fixed bed downdraft gasifier and spark ignition internal combustion engine models. For calculations the gasifier is split into three zones, namely drying – pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction sections. The gasifier’s mathematical model consists of three separate sub-models, each describing the processes in the corresponding zone. The process taking place in the reduction zone has been described using chemical kinetic principles in order to avoid introduction of assumptions related to achievement of the thermo-chemical equilibrium state during gasifier’s operation. The model is capable to accurately predict molar concentrations of different species in syngas (CO2, CO, H2O, H2, CH4 and N2) and the temperature profile in the gasifier along its height. This information then can be used for sizing the reactor and material selection. The engine’s model is based on the fuel–air thermodynamic cycle for spark ignition engines and such model takes into account the composition of syngas used as fuel. The engine’s model also takes into account effects of heat losses in the cycle through the walls of the cylinders and due to the gas blow by. Finally, the influence of dissociation processes during the combustion and the residual gases remaining in the cylinders at the beginning of the compression stroke is accounted for computations of the engine’s performance. The numerical results obtained using the proposed model are in a good agreement with data produced with the use of other theoretical models and experimental data published in open literature and with experimental data obtained in these investigations. The proposed model is applicable for modelling integrated downdraft gasifier/engine biomass energy systems and can be used for more accurate adjustment of design parameters of the gasifier and the engine in order to provide the higher overall efficiency of the system.

Suggested Citation

  • Centeno, Felipe & Mahkamov, Khamid & Silva Lora, Electo E. & Andrade, Rubenildo V., 2012. "Theoretical and experimental investigations of a downdraft biomass gasifier-spark ignition engine power system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 97-108.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:37:y:2012:i:1:p:97-108
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.06.008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ratnadhariya, J.K. & Channiwala, S.A., 2009. "Three zone equilibrium and kinetic free modeling of biomass gasifier – a novel approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 1050-1058.
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    1. Samiran, Nor Afzanizam & Jaafar, Mohammad Nazri Mohd & Ng, Jo-Han & Lam, Su Shiung & Chong, Cheng Tung, 2016. "Progress in biomass gasification technique – With focus on Malaysian palm biomass for syngas production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1047-1062.
    2. Fiore, M. & Magi, V. & Viggiano, A., 2020. "Internal combustion engines powered by syngas: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    3. S.D. Martinez-Boggio & S.S. Merola & P. Teixeira Lacava & A. Irimescu & P.L. Curto-Risso, 2019. "Effect of Fuel and Air Dilution on Syngas Combustion in an Optical SI Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-23, April.
    4. Díaz González, Carlos A. & Pacheco Sandoval, Leonardo, 2020. "Sustainability aspects of biomass gasification systems for small power generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    5. Ghulamullah Maitlo & Imran Ali & Kashif Hussain Mangi & Safdar Ali & Hubdar Ali Maitlo & Imran Nazir Unar & Abdul Majeed Pirzada, 2022. "Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass for Syngas Production: Current Status and Future Trends," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-30, February.
    6. Lee, Uisung & Balu, Elango & Chung, J.N., 2013. "An experimental evaluation of an integrated biomass gasification and power generation system for distributed power applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 699-708.
    7. Pierobon, Leonardo & Rokni, Masoud & Larsen, Ulrik & Haglind, Fredrik, 2013. "Thermodynamic analysis of an integrated gasification solid oxide fuel cell plant combined with an organic Rankine cycle," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 226-234.
    8. Centeno González, Felipe O. & Mahkamov, Khamid & Silva Lora, Electo E. & Andrade, Rubenildo V. & Jaen, René Lesme, 2013. "Prediction by mathematical modeling of the behavior of an internal combustion engine to be fed with gas from biomass, in comparison to the same engine fueled with gasoline or methane," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 427-432.
    9. Elsner, Witold & Wysocki, Marian & Niegodajew, Paweł & Borecki, Roman, 2017. "Experimental and economic study of small-scale CHP installation equipped with downdraft gasifier and internal combustion engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 213-227.
    10. HajiHashemi, MohammadSina & Mazhkoo, Shahin & Dadfar, Hossein & Livani, Ehsan & Naseri Varnosefaderani, Aliakbar & Pourali, Omid & Najafi Nobar, Shima & Dutta, Animesh, 2023. "Combined heat and power production in a pilot-scale biomass gasification system: Experimental study and kinetic simulation using ASPEN Plus," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).

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