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High performance high-purity sol-gel derived carbon supercapacitors from renewable sources

Author

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  • Garcia, Betzaida Batalla
  • Candelaria, Stephanie L.
  • Liu, Dawei
  • Sepheri, Saghar
  • Cruz, James A.
  • Cao, Guozhong

Abstract

In this study highly pure carbons synthesized using resorcinol furaldehyde catalyzed with hexamethylenetetramine (an amine base) are tested for supercapacitor electrodes. This synthesis is not only from all-organic renewable sources, but can also significantly increase the performance of the device by promoting adequate electric double layer formation. The electrochemical characterization shows an increase in the specific capacitance per unit of surface area that is 18% higher than that of commercial biomass carbons and their synthetic counterparts. The life of the capacitor is also extended to twice that of the commercial brand tested here and has increased power after cycling. The supercapacitors made from this synthesis have electric double layer characteristics as desired in some applications. The samples have been tested for composition using XPS, and their electrochemical performance was analyzed using galvanostatic measurements and complex capacitance and power derived from impedance spectroscopy.

Suggested Citation

  • Garcia, Betzaida Batalla & Candelaria, Stephanie L. & Liu, Dawei & Sepheri, Saghar & Cruz, James A. & Cao, Guozhong, 2011. "High performance high-purity sol-gel derived carbon supercapacitors from renewable sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 1788-1794.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:36:y:2011:i:6:p:1788-1794
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2010.11.030
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Effendi, A. & Gerhauser, H. & Bridgwater, A.V., 2008. "Production of renewable phenolic resins by thermochemical conversion of biomass: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(8), pages 2092-2116, October.
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    1. Amar, V.S. & Houck, J.D. & Maddipudi, B. & Penrod, T.A. & Shell, K.M. & Thakkar, A. & Shende, A.R. & Hernandez, S. & Kumar, S. & Gupta, R.B. & Shende, R.V., 2021. "Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) processing of unhydrolyzed solids (UHS) for hydrochar and its use for asymmetric supercapacitors with mixed (Mn,Ti)-Perovskite oxides," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 329-341.
    2. Li, Dong & Guo, Yanchuan & Li, Yi & Liu, Zhengang & Chen, Zeliang, 2022. "Waste-biomass tar functionalized carbon spheres with N/P Co-doping and hierarchical pores as sustainable low-cost energy storage materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 61-69.
    3. Gou, Guangjun & Huang, Fei & Jiang, Man & Li, Jinyang & Zhou, Zuowan, 2020. "Hierarchical porous carbon electrode materials for supercapacitor developed from wheat straw cellulosic foam," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 208-216.
    4. Wang, Xiaoxiang & Cao, Li & Lewis, Rosmala & Hreid, Tubuxin & Zhang, Zhanying & Wang, Hongxia, 2020. "Biorefining of sugarcane bagasse to fermentable sugars and surface oxygen group-rich hierarchical porous carbon for supercapacitors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 2306-2317.
    5. Koohi-Kamali, Sam & Tyagi, V.V. & Rahim, N.A. & Panwar, N.L. & Mokhlis, H., 2013. "Emergence of energy storage technologies as the solution for reliable operation of smart power systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 135-165.

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