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Experimental investigations on the use of preheated animal fat as fuel in a compression ignition engine

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  • Senthil Kumar, M.
  • Kerihuel, A.
  • Bellettre, J.
  • Tazerout, M.

Abstract

The effect of fuel inlet temperature on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine is evaluated. A single cylinder direct injection diesel engine developing a power output of 2.8kW at 1500rev/min is tested using preheated animal fat as fuel. Experiments are conducted at the fuel inlet temperatures of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70°C. Animal fat at low temperature results in higher ignition delay and combustion duration than diesel. Preheated animal fat shows reduced ignition delay and combustion duration. Peak pressure and rate of pressure rise are found as high with animal fat at high fuel inlet temperatures. Heat release pattern shows reduced premixed combustion phase with animal fat as compared to neat diesel at normal temperature. Preheating improves the premixed combustion rate. At low temperature, animal fat results in lower smoke emissions than diesel. The maximum smoke density is K=6.5m−1 with diesel and K=3.6m−1 with animal fat at 30°C. Preheated animal fat further reduces smoke levels at all temperatures. The smoke level is reduced up to K=1.7m−1 with preheated animal fat at the temperature of 70°C. Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are higher with animal fat at low temperature as compared to diesel. Fuel Preheating reduces these emissions. NO emission is found as low with animal fat at low temperature. Fuel preheating results in increased NO emission. However, the level is still lower than diesel even at high temperature (i.e. 70°C). On the whole it is concluded that preheated animal fat can be used in diesel engines with reduced smoke, hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions with no major detoriation in engine performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Senthil Kumar, M. & Kerihuel, A. & Bellettre, J. & Tazerout, M., 2005. "Experimental investigations on the use of preheated animal fat as fuel in a compression ignition engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(9), pages 1443-1456.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:30:y:2005:i:9:p:1443-1456
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2004.11.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bari, S. & Lim, T.H. & Yu, C.W., 2002. "Effects of preheating of crude palm oil (CPO) on injection system, performance and emission of a diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 339-351.
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    12. Kim, Hwanam & Choi, Byungchul, 2010. "The effect of biodiesel and bioethanol blended diesel fuel on nanoparticles and exhaust emissions from CRDI diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 157-163.
    13. Melo-Espinosa, Eliezer Ahmed & Piloto-Rodríguez, Ramón & Goyos-Pérez, Leonardo & Sierens, Roger & Verhelst, Sebastian, 2015. "Emulsification of animal fats and vegetable oils for their use as a diesel engine fuel: An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 623-633.
    14. Varuvel, Edwin Geo & Mrad, Nadia & Tazerout, Mohand & Aloui, Fethi, 2012. "Assessment of liquid fuel (bio-oil) production from waste fish fat and utilization in diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 249-257.
    15. Reham, S.S. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Shancita, I. & Rizwanul Fattah, I.M. & Ruhul, A.M., 2015. "Study on stability, fuel properties, engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of biofuel emulsion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1566-1579.
    16. Gheorghe Lazaroiu & Lucian Mihaescu & Gabriel Negreanu & Constantin Pana & Ionel Pisa & Alexandru Cernat & Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu, 2018. "Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, December.
    17. Varuvel, Edwin Geo & Mrad, Nadia & Tazerout, Mohand & Aloui, Fethi, 2012. "Experimental analysis of biofuel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 224-231.
    18. James O. Olusola & Mesubi M. Adediran & Ajanaku K. Oluseyi & Usman L. Ajao, 2009. "Processing of Triglycerides to Diesel Range Hydrocarbon Fuels: Easily Practicable Small Scale Approach," Energy & Environment, , vol. 20(8-1), pages 1325-1341, December.
    19. Senthil Kumar, T. & Senthil Kumar, P. & Annamalai, K., 2015. "Experimental study on the performance and emission measures of direct injection diesel engine with Kapok methyl ester and its blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 903-909.
    20. Gnanasekaran, Sakthivel & Saravanan, N. & Ilangkumaran, M., 2016. "Influence of injection timing on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine running on fish oil biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(P1), pages 1218-1229.

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