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Rain droplet impact stress analysis for leading edge protection coating systems for wind turbine blades

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  • Hoksbergen, T.H.
  • Akkerman, R.
  • Baran, I.

Abstract

The energy transition requires clean energy production for which offshore wind shows high potential. The blade length of offshore wind turbines is currently exceeding 100 m with corresponding tip speeds of above 100 m s−1. The high tip speed blades interact with airborne rain droplets which causes high pressures that lead to erosion damage over time. Protective coatings are applied based on experimental data. In order to more effectively design coating systems, the current work discusses a numerical modeling framework for predicting the stress state in multilayered co-bonded hybrid thermoplastic/thermoset coating systems. The effects on the resulting stress state were studied for changes in layer thickness, interphase thickness of the bonding zone between multiple layers, droplet diameter, coating material properties, voids and other inclusions as well as surface roughness. It was found that the design of the coating system significantly influences the dynamic stress state and as a result, the performance as a protection layer for wind turbine blades. Stress concentrations arise due to interactions of stress waves with interfaces and/or inclusions. A coating layer thickness limit was derived based on the stress concentrations and it was shown that the stress waves interact with surface defects causing fatigue crack growth around initial defects.

Suggested Citation

  • Hoksbergen, T.H. & Akkerman, R. & Baran, I., 2023. "Rain droplet impact stress analysis for leading edge protection coating systems for wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:218:y:2023:i:c:s0960148123012430
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119328
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Verma, Amrit Shankar & Jiang, Zhiyu & Caboni, Marco & Verhoef, Hans & van der Mijle Meijer, Harald & Castro, Saullo G.P. & Teuwen, Julie J.E., 2021. "A probabilistic rainfall model to estimate the leading-edge lifetime of wind turbine blade coating system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 1435-1455.
    2. Mishnaevsky, Leon & Hasager, Charlotte Bay & Bak, Christian & Tilg, Anna-Maria & Bech, Jakob I. & Doagou Rad, Saeed & Fæster, Søren, 2021. "Leading edge erosion of wind turbine blades: Understanding, prevention and protection," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 953-969.
    3. López, Javier Contreras & Kolios, Athanasios & Wang, Lin & Chiachio, Manuel, 2023. "A wind turbine blade leading edge rain erosion computational framework," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 131-141.
    4. Bech, Jakob Ilsted & Johansen, Nicolai Frost-Jensen & Madsen, Martin Bonde & Hannesdóttir, Ásta & Hasager, Charlotte Bay, 2022. "Experimental study on the effect of drop size in rain erosion test and on lifetime prediction of wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 776-789.
    5. Slot, H.M. & Gelinck, E.R.M. & Rentrop, C. & van der Heide, E., 2015. "Leading edge erosion of coated wind turbine blades: Review of coating life models," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 837-848.
    6. Hu, Weifei & Chen, Weiyi & Wang, Xiaobo & Jiang, Zhiyu & Wang, Yeqing & Verma, Amrit Shankar & Teuwen, Julie J.E., 2021. "A computational framework for coating fatigue analysis of wind turbine blades due to rain erosion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 236-250.
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