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Oxyfunctionalized turpentine: Evaluation of properties as automotive fuel

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  • Ballesteros, Rosario
  • García, Duban
  • Bustamante, Felipe
  • Alarcón, Edwin
  • Lapuerta, Magín

Abstract

Turpentine from pine trees or from Kraft pulping is a complex mixture of monoterpenes, such as: α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene and myrcene. In this work, β-pinene was reacted with paraformaldehyde to synthesize an oxyfunctionalized turpentine (oxyturpentine) composed mainly by α-pinene, nopol and α-terpineol. This oxyturpentine can be a novel biofuel as far as its properties meet the criteria required by automotive fuel regulations. Binary mixtures of oxyturpentine with a diesel fuel (with no oxygen content) and with a conventional biodiesel have been experimentally characterized following the standard methods for each property (density, kinematic viscosity, lubricity, heating value, volatility, etc.) and the results obtained are critically compared using the limit values of European standards as a reference. Results show that the oxyfunctionalization of turpentine improves some relevant properties for fuel applications, such as lubricity, volatility and sooting tendency (wear scar was reduced around 40% and smoke point was increased more than 300%). With respect to other oxygenated compounds used in fuels blends, such as alcohols and esters, oxyturpentine can reduce the problems of high volatility and low viscosity and lubricity of the former ones and the cold behavior of the latter ones, indicating its suitability as a component of diesel fuels.

Suggested Citation

  • Ballesteros, Rosario & García, Duban & Bustamante, Felipe & Alarcón, Edwin & Lapuerta, Magín, 2020. "Oxyfunctionalized turpentine: Evaluation of properties as automotive fuel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 2210-2219.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:162:y:2020:i:c:p:2210-2219
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.10.026
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    References listed on IDEAS

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