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Economic and resilience benefit analysis of incorporating battery storage to photovoltaic array generation

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  • Zhou, Jian
  • Tsianikas, Stamatis
  • Birnie, Dunbar P.
  • Coit, David W.

Abstract

Power systems with photovoltaic (PV) arrays combined with battery backup storage are becoming increasingly used because of their capability of working in power island mode, especially during grid outages. The problem is to decide the optimal battery sizes for PV + battery systems with given solar array sizes, from both power supply reliability and economical perspectives. An optimization method based on the simulation of system operation during grid interruption is developed to investigate the effects of battery size on system output reliability level of meeting load demand with minimum cost. Case studies are conducted for validation according to actual solar irradiation data, load profiles and realistic power interruption statistics. Sensitivity analysis is also performed to explore how system total cost affects islanding capability of a PV + battery system to supply energy to facilities. The finding shows that the decline of battery price not only reduces the lowest system total cost but also improves islanded system generation reliability. The proposed methodology for optimizing battery capacity added to PV array systems can make them grid-outage resilient and economically viable, which can be utilized as a decision-making tool for future PV + battery system expansion.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Jian & Tsianikas, Stamatis & Birnie, Dunbar P. & Coit, David W., 2019. "Economic and resilience benefit analysis of incorporating battery storage to photovoltaic array generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 652-662.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:135:y:2019:i:c:p:652-662
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.12.013
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    3. Wang, Xiaoyue & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Siqi & Sun, Leping, 2020. "Reliability and maintenance for performance-balanced systems operating in a shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
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    5. Tsianikas, Stamatis & Yousefi, Nooshin & Zhou, Jian & Rodgers, Mark D. & Coit, David, 2021. "A storage expansion planning framework using reinforcement learning and simulation-based optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    6. Gorman, Will & Barbose, Galen & Pablo Carvallo, Juan & Baik, Sunhee & Miller, Chandler & White, Philip & Praprost, Marlena, 2023. "County-level assessment of behind-the-meter solar and storage to mitigate long duration power interruptions for residential customers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    7. Tsianikas, Stamatis & Zhou, Jian & Birnie, Dunbar P. & Coit, David W., 2019. "Economic trends and comparisons for optimizing grid-outage resilient photovoltaic and battery systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
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    9. Wu, Di & Ma, Xu & Huang, Sen & Fu, Tao & Balducci, Patrick, 2020. "Stochastic optimal sizing of distributed energy resources for a cost-effective and resilient Microgrid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).

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