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Fluid-structure coupled computations of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine by means of CFD

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  • Dose, B.
  • Rahimi, H.
  • Herráez, I.
  • Stoevesandt, B.
  • Peinke, J.

Abstract

This paper presents a fluid-structure coupled simulation tool for high-fidelity simulations of wind turbine rotors. Coupling the open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code OpenFOAM and the inhouse structural solver BeamFOAM, the developed tool allows the analysis of flexible wind turbines blades by means of CFD without a significant increase in computational costs. To demonstrate the capabilities of the coupled solver, the aero-elastic response of the NREL 5 MW reference wind turbine is computed for various conditions and specific results are compared to findings of other authors. The solver framework is then used to investigate the effect of blade deformations on aerodynamic key parameters such as power, thrust and sectional forces. It is shown, that the structural deformations have a clear influence on the aerodynamic rotor performance. Especially for the case of yawed inflow, significant implications can be observed in terms of loads and local induction factors. Compared to the fluid-structure coupled framework, the rigid CFD solver underpredicts the forces acting on the blades for most of the cases. Consequently, the presented results are expected to contribute to improve the correction models used in aerodynamic models of lower fidelity like those based on the Blade Element Momentum theory.

Suggested Citation

  • Dose, B. & Rahimi, H. & Herráez, I. & Stoevesandt, B. & Peinke, J., 2018. "Fluid-structure coupled computations of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine by means of CFD," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 591-605.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:129:y:2018:i:pa:p:591-605
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.05.064
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Iván Herráez & Bernhard Stoevesandt & Joachim Peinke, 2014. "Insight into Rotational Effects on a Wind Turbine Blade Using Navier–Stokes Computations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(10), pages 1-25, October.
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    1. Della Posta, Giacomo & Leonardi, Stefano & Bernardini, Matteo, 2022. "A two-way coupling method for the study of aeroelastic effects in large wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 971-992.
    2. Win Naung, Shine & Nakhchi, Mahdi Erfanian & Rahmati, Mohammad, 2021. "High-fidelity CFD simulations of two wind turbines in arrays using nonlinear frequency domain solution method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 984-1005.
    3. Dose, B. & Rahimi, H. & Stoevesandt, B. & Peinke, J., 2020. "Fluid-structure coupled investigations of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine for two downwind configurations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1113-1123.
    4. Yang, Yaru & Li, Hua & Yao, Jin & Gao, Wenxiang, 2019. "Research on the characteristic parameters and rotor layout principle of dual-rotor horizontal axis wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    5. Xue, Zhanpu & Wang, Wei & Fang, Liqing & Zhou, Jingbo, 2020. "Numerical simulation on structural dynamics of 5 MW wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 222-233.
    6. Zheng, Jiancai & Wang, Nina & Wan, Decheng & Strijhak, Sergei, 2023. "Numerical investigations of coupled aeroelastic performance of wind turbines by elastic actuator line model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(PB).
    7. Win Naung, Shine & Rahmati, Mohammad & Farokhi, Hamed, 2021. "Nonlinear frequency domain solution method for aerodynamic and aeromechanical analysis of wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 66-81.
    8. Zhen Li & Bofeng Xu & Xiang Shen & Hang Xiao & Zhiqiang Hu & Xin Cai, 2022. "Performance Analysis of Ultra-Scale Downwind Wind Turbine Based on Rotor Cone Angle Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-11, September.
    9. Zhanpu Xue & Hao Zhang & Yunguang Ji, 2023. "Dynamic Response of a Flexible Multi-Body in Large Wind Turbines: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-25, April.
    10. Druault, Philippe & Germain, Grégory, 2022. "Experimental investigation of the upstream turbulent flow modifications in front of a scaled tidal turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 1204-1217.
    11. Boatto, Umberto & Bonnet, Paul A. & Avallone, Francesco & Ragni, Daniele, 2023. "Assessment of Blade Element Momentum Theory-based engineering models for wind turbine rotors under uniform steady inflow," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 307-317.
    12. Jieyan Chen & Chengxi Li, 2020. "Design Optimization and Coupled Dynamics Analysis of an Offshore Wind Turbine with a Single Swivel Connected Tether," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-26, July.
    13. Hornshøj-Møller, Simon D. & Nielsen, Peter D. & Forooghi, Pourya & Abkar, Mahdi, 2021. "Quantifying structural uncertainties in Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations of wind turbine wakes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1550-1558.
    14. Zhang, Dongqin & Liu, Zhenqing & Li, Weipeng & Hu, Gang, 2023. "LES simulation study of wind turbine aerodynamic characteristics with fluid-structure interaction analysis considering blade and tower flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    15. Alberto Savino & Andrea Ferreri & Alex Zanotti, 2024. "Validation of a Mid-Fidelity Numerical Approach for Wind Turbine Aerodynamics Characterization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-23, March.

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