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An investigation of the background potential in quantum constrictions using scanning gate microscopy and a swarming algorithm

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  • da Cunha, C.R.
  • Aoki, N.
  • Ferry, D.K.
  • Velasquez, A.
  • Zhang, Y.

Abstract

Scanning gate microscopy (SGM) is a valuable scanning probe technique for characterizing electronic transport in mesoscopic systems. However, the interpretation of the method is often limited by many experimental challenges. In this work, we propose an empirically-constrained optimization approach based on swarm search and Green’s functions to extract more information from SGM measurements. The approach is applied to a quantum point contact fabricated on an InAlAs/InGaAs/InAlAs quantum well, and the results indicate that the corresponding SGM could be generated, in a weak approximation, by a fluctuating background potential with features with radii in the order of 20 to 30 nm and a correlation length of 5.7 nm. Our method represents a data-driven tool for estimating solutions for inverse problems in mesoscopic physics, and can be used to generate estimates for the potential landscape experienced by free electrons in mesoscopic systems.

Suggested Citation

  • da Cunha, C.R. & Aoki, N. & Ferry, D.K. & Velasquez, A. & Zhang, Y., 2023. "An investigation of the background potential in quantum constrictions using scanning gate microscopy and a swarming algorithm," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 614(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:614:y:2023:i:c:s037843712300105x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2023.128550
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    1. J. M. Elzerman & R. Hanson & L. H. Willems van Beveren & B. Witkamp & L. M. K. Vandersypen & L. P. Kouwenhoven, 2004. "Single-shot read-out of an individual electron spin in a quantum dot," Nature, Nature, vol. 430(6998), pages 431-435, July.
    2. da Cunha, C.R. & da Silva, R., 2020. "Relevant stylized facts about bitcoin: Fluctuations, first return probability, and natural phenomena," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 550(C).
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