IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/phsmap/v389y2010i13p2654-2662.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Complex networks constructed from irrational number sequences

Author

Listed:
  • Chen, Chen
  • Lu, Jun-an
  • Wu, Xiaoqun

Abstract

In this paper, we construct (d,r) networks from sequences of different irrational numbers. In detail, segment an irrational number sequence of length M into groups of d digits which represent the nodes while two consecutive groups overlap by r digits (r=0,1,…,d−1), and the undirected edges indicate the adjacency between two consecutive groups. (3,r) and (4,r) networks are respectively constructed from 14 different irrational numbers and their topological properties are examined. By observation, we find that network topologies change with different values of d, r and even sequence length M instead of the types of irrational numbers, although they share some similar features with traditional random graphs. We make a further investigation to explain these interesting phenomena and propose the identical-degree random graph model. The results presented in this paper provide some insight into distributions of irrational number digits that may help better understanding of the nature of irrational numbers.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, Chen & Lu, Jun-an & Wu, Xiaoqun, 2010. "Complex networks constructed from irrational number sequences," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(13), pages 2654-2662.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:389:y:2010:i:13:p:2654-2662
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2010.02.033
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437110001603
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only. Journal offers the option of making the article available online on Science direct for a fee of $3,000
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.physa.2010.02.033?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Steven H. Strogatz, 2001. "Exploring complex networks," Nature, Nature, vol. 410(6825), pages 268-276, March.
    2. Barabási, Albert-László & Albert, Réka & Jeong, Hawoong, 1999. "Mean-field theory for scale-free random networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 272(1), pages 173-187.
    3. Réka Albert & Hawoong Jeong & Albert-László Barabási, 2000. "Error and attack tolerance of complex networks," Nature, Nature, vol. 406(6794), pages 378-382, July.
    4. Lui, Kenneth W.K. & So, H.C. & Chen, Guanrong, 2008. "The π sequence as a complex network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 387(22), pages 5653-5661.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hu, Xiaohua & Niu, Min, 2023. "Horizontal visibility graphs mapped from multifractal trinomial measures," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 626(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Laurienti, Paul J. & Joyce, Karen E. & Telesford, Qawi K. & Burdette, Jonathan H. & Hayasaka, Satoru, 2011. "Universal fractal scaling of self-organized networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(20), pages 3608-3613.
    2. Ying Duan & Xiuwen Fu & Wenfeng Li & Yu Zhang & Giancarlo Fortino, 2017. "Evolution of Scale-Free Wireless Sensor Networks with Feature of Small-World Networks," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2017, pages 1-15, July.
    3. Santiago, A. & Benito, R.M., 2009. "Robustness of heterogeneous complex networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 388(11), pages 2234-2242.
    4. Chen, Qinghua & Shi, Dinghua, 2006. "Markov chains theory for scale-free networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 360(1), pages 121-133.
    5. Lucas Cuadra & Sancho Salcedo-Sanz & Javier Del Ser & Silvia Jiménez-Fernández & Zong Woo Geem, 2015. "A Critical Review of Robustness in Power Grids Using Complex Networks Concepts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-55, August.
    6. Yang, Hyeonchae & Jung, Woo-Sung, 2016. "Structural efficiency to manipulate public research institution networks," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 21-32.
    7. Yao, Jialing & Sun, Bingbin & Xi, lifeng, 2019. "Fractality of evolving self-similar networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 515(C), pages 211-216.
    8. Wouter Vermeer & Otto Koppius & Peter Vervest, 2018. "The Radiation-Transmission-Reception (RTR) model of propagation: Implications for the effectiveness of network interventions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, December.
    9. L. Jarina Banu & P. Balasubramaniam, 2014. "Synchronisation of discrete-time complex networks with randomly occurring uncertainties, nonlinearities and time-delays," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(7), pages 1427-1450, July.
    10. Chen, Qinghua & Shi, Dinghua, 2004. "The modeling of scale-free networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 335(1), pages 240-248.
    11. Prasanna Gai & Sujit Kapadia, 2011. "A Network Model of Super-Systemic Crises," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Rodrigo Alfaro (ed.),Financial Stability, Monetary Policy, and Central Banking, edition 1, volume 15, chapter 13, pages 411-432, Central Bank of Chile.
    12. Selen Onel & Abe Zeid & Sagar Kamarthi, 2011. "The structure and analysis of nanotechnology co-author and citation networks," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 89(1), pages 119-138, October.
    13. Qingmin Hao & Jim Huangnan Shen & Chien-Chiang Lee, 2023. "Risk contagion of bank-firm loan network: evidence from China," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 13(2), pages 341-361, June.
    14. Kashyap, G. & Ambika, G., 2019. "Link deletion in directed complex networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 514(C), pages 631-643.
    15. Santiago, A. & Benito, R.M., 2008. "Connectivity degrees in the threshold preferential attachment model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 387(10), pages 2365-2376.
    16. Kashin Sugishita & Yasuo Asakura, 2021. "Vulnerability studies in the fields of transportation and complex networks: a citation network analysis," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 13(1), pages 1-34, March.
    17. Chen, Qinghua & Chen, Shenghui, 2007. "A highly clustered scale-free network evolved by random walking," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 383(2), pages 773-781.
    18. Gordana Apic & Matthew J Betts & Robert B Russell, 2011. "Content Disputes in Wikipedia Reflect Geopolitical Instability," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(6), pages 1-5, June.
    19. Gao, Bo & Deng, Zhenghong & Zhao, Dawei, 2016. "Competing spreading processes and immunization in multiplex networks," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 175-181.
    20. Li, Xin-Feng & Lu, Zhe-Ming, 2016. "Optimizing the controllability of arbitrary networks with genetic algorithm," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 447(C), pages 422-433.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:389:y:2010:i:13:p:2654-2662. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/physica-a-statistical-mechpplications/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.