Individual and peer effects in retirement savings investment choices
Author
Abstract
Suggested Citation
DOI: 10.1016/j.pacfin.2017.11.001
Download full text from publisher
As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.
References listed on IDEAS
- Daniel Fernandes & John G. Lynch & Richard G. Netemeyer, 2014. "Financial Literacy, Financial Education, and Downstream Financial Behaviors," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 60(8), pages 1861-1883, August.
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2008.
"Planning and Financial Literacy: How Do Women Fare?,"
American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 98(2), pages 413-417, May.
- Annamaria Lusardi, 2006. "Planning and Financial Literacy: How Do Women Fare?," Working Papers wp136, University of Michigan, Michigan Retirement Research Center.
- Lusardi, Annamaria & Mitchell, Olivia S., 2008. "Planning and financial literacy: How do women fare?," CFS Working Paper Series 2008/03, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2008. "Planning and Financial Literacy: How Do Women Fare?," CeRP Working Papers 72, Center for Research on Pensions and Welfare Policies, Turin (Italy).
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2008. "Planning and Financial Literacy: How Do Women Fare?," NBER Working Papers 13750, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Bodie, Zvi & Merton, Robert C. & Samuelson, William F., 1992.
"Labor supply flexibility and portfolio choice in a life cycle model,"
Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 16(3-4), pages 427-449.
- Zvi Bodie & Robert C. Merton & William F. Samuelson, 1992. "Labor Supply Flexibility and Portfolio Choice in a Life-Cycle Model," NBER Working Papers 3954, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
- Lusardi, Annamaria & Mitchell, Olivia S., 2007.
"Baby Boomer retirement security: The roles of planning, financial literacy, and housing wealth,"
Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(1), pages 205-224, January.
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2006. "Baby Boomer Retirement Security: The Roles of Planning, Financial Literacy, and Housing Wealth," CeRP Working Papers 54, Center for Research on Pensions and Welfare Policies, Turin (Italy).
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2006. "Baby Boomer Retirement Security: the Roles of Planning, Financial Literacy, and Housing Wealth," NBER Working Papers 12585, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2006. "Baby Boomer Retirement Security: The Roles of Planning, Financial Literacy, and Housing Wealth," Working Papers wp114, University of Michigan, Michigan Retirement Research Center.
- Lusardi, Annamaria & Mitchell, Olivia S., 2006. "Baby boomer retirement security: The roles of planning, financial literacy, and Housing wealth," CFS Working Paper Series 2006/20, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
- John Beshears & James J. Choi & David Laibson & Brigitte C. Madrian & Katherine L. Milkman, 2015.
"The Effect of Providing Peer Information on Retirement Savings Decisions,"
Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 70(3), pages 1161-1201, June.
- John Beshears & James J. Choi & David Laibson & Brigitte C. Madrian & Katherine L. Milkman, 2011. "The Effect of Providing Peer Information on Retirement Savings Decisions," NBER Working Papers 17345, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Milkman, Katherine L. & Beshears, John Leonard & Choi, James J. & Laibson, David I. & Madrian, Brigitte, 2015. "The Effect of Providing Peer Information on Retirement Savings Decisions," Scholarly Articles 32785047, Harvard University Department of Economics.
- Armin Falk & Andrea Ichino, 2006.
"Clean Evidence on Peer Effects,"
Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 24(1), pages 39-58, January.
- Armin Falk & Andrea Ichino, 2004. "Clean Evidence on Peer Effects," Levine's Bibliography 666156000000000439, UCLA Department of Economics.
- Esther Duflo & Emmanuel Saez, 2003.
"The Role of Information and Social Interactions in Retirement Plan Decisions: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment,"
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 118(3), pages 815-842.
- Esther Duflo & Emmanuel Saez, 2002. "The Role of Information and Social Interactions in Retirement Plan Decisions: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment," NBER Working Papers 8885, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Esther Duflo & Emmanuel Saez, 2003. "The role of information and social interactions in retirement plan decisions: Evidence from a randomized experiment," Framed Field Experiments 00141, The Field Experiments Website.
- Bikhchandani, Sushil & Hirshleifer, David & Welch, Ivo, 1992.
"A Theory of Fads, Fashion, Custom, and Cultural Change in Informational Cascades,"
Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 100(5), pages 992-1026, October.
- Sushil Bikhchandani & David Hirshleifer & Ivo Welch, 2010. "A theory of Fads, Fashion, Custom and cultural change as informational Cascades," Levine's Working Paper Archive 1193, David K. Levine.
- Duflo, Esther & Saez, Emmanuel, 2002.
"Participation and investment decisions in a retirement plan: the influence of colleagues' choices,"
Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(1), pages 121-148, July.
- Esther Duflo & Emmanuel Saez, 2000. "Participation and Investment Decisions in a Retirement Plan: The Influence of Colleagues' Choices," NBER Working Papers 7735, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Christopher F Baum & Mark E. Schaffer & Steven Stillman, 2007. "Enhanced routines for instrumental variables/generalized method of moments estimation and testing," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 7(4), pages 465-506, December.
- Paul Gerrans, 2012. "Retirement savings investment choices in response to the global financial crisis: Australian evidence," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 37(3), pages 415-439, December.
- Brigitte C. Madrian & Dennis F. Shea, 2001.
"The Power of Suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) Participation and Savings Behavior,"
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 116(4), pages 1149-1187.
- Brigitte C. Madrian & Dennis F. Shea, 2000. "The Power of Suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) Participation and Savings Behavior," NBER Working Papers 7682, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2014.
"The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence,"
Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 52(1), pages 5-44, March.
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2013. "The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence," CeRP Working Papers 134, Center for Research on Pensions and Welfare Policies, Turin (Italy).
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2013. "The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence," NBER Working Papers 18952, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Jasmin Joecks & Kerstin Pull & Karin Vetter, 2013. "Gender Diversity in the Boardroom and Firm Performance: What Exactly Constitutes a “Critical Mass?”," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 118(1), pages 61-72, November.
- Thaler, Richard H & Shefrin, H M, 1981.
"An Economic Theory of Self-Control,"
Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 89(2), pages 392-406, April.
- H. M. Shefrin & Richard Thaler, 1977. "An Economic Theory of Self-Control," NBER Working Papers 0208, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Dwyer, Peggy D. & Gilkeson, James H. & List, John A., 2002.
"Gender differences in revealed risk taking: evidence from mutual fund investors,"
Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 151-158, July.
- Peggy Dwyer & James Gilkeson & John List, 2002. "Gender differences in revealed risk taking: evidence from mutual fund investors," Natural Field Experiments 00510, The Field Experiments Website.
- Hershey, D.A. & Henkens, C.J.I.M. & van Dalen, H.P., 2010. "Aging and financial planning for retirement : Interdisciplinary influences viewed through a cross-cultural lens," Other publications TiSEM b4f94fc9-8a77-44d1-9baa-5, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
- James J. Choi & David Laibson & Brigitte C. Madrian & Andrew Metrick, 2004. "Saving or Retirement on the Path of Least Resistance," Levine's Bibliography 122247000000000606, UCLA Department of Economics.
- Gerrans, Paul & Clark, Gordon L., 2013. "Pension plan participant choice: Evidence on defined benefit and defined contribution preferences," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 12(4), pages 351-378, October.
- David Hirshleifer & Siew Hong Teoh, 2003.
"Herd Behaviour and Cascading in Capital Markets: a Review and Synthesis,"
European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 9(1), pages 25-66, March.
- Hirshleifer, David & Teoh, Siew Hong, 2001. "Herd Behavior and Cascading in Capital Markets: A Review and Synthesis," MPRA Paper 5186, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Olivia S. Mitchell & Gary R. Mottola & Stephen P. Utkus & Takeshi Yamaguchi, 2006. "The Inattentive Participant: Portfolio Trading Behavior in 401(k) Plans," Working Papers wp115, University of Michigan, Michigan Retirement Research Center.
- Falk, Armin & Fischbacher, Urs, 2002. ""Crime" in the lab-detecting social interaction," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(4-5), pages 859-869, May.
- Julie Agnew & Pierluigi Balduzzi & Annika Sundén, 2003. "Portfolio Choice and Trading in a Large 401(k) Plan," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 93(1), pages 193-215, March.
- Paul Gerrans & Douglas A. Hershey, 2017. "Financial Adviser Anxiety, Financial Literacy, and Financial Advice Seeking," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(1), pages 54-90, March.
- Gerrans, Paul & Clark-Murphy, Marilyn, 2004. "Gender differences in retirement savings decisions," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 3(2), pages 145-164, July.
- Hvide, Hans K. & Östberg, Per, 2015. "Social interaction at work," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(3), pages 628-652.
- Gerrans, Paul & Yap, Ghialy, 2014. "Retirement savings investment choices: Sophisticated or naive?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 233-250.
- Uri Gneezy & Kenneth L. Leonard & John A. List, 2009.
"Gender Differences in Competition: Evidence From a Matrilineal and a Patriarchal Society,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 77(5), pages 1637-1664, September.
- Uri Gneezy & Kenneth L. Leonard & John A. List, 2008. "Gender Differences in Competition: Evidence from a Matrilineal and a Patriarchal Society," NBER Working Papers 13727, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Uri Gneezy & Kenneth Leonard & John List, 2009. "Gender differences in competition: Evidence from a matrilineal and a patriarchal society," Artefactual Field Experiments 00049, The Field Experiments Website.
- Andrews,Donald W. K. & Stock,James H. (ed.), 2005. "Identification and Inference for Econometric Models," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521844413, January.
- Loretti Isabella Dobrescu & Xiaodong Fan & Hazel Bateman & Ben Rhodri Newell & A. Ortmann & Susan Thorp, 2018. "Retirement Savings: A Tale of Decisions and Defaults," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 128(610), pages 1047-1094, May.
- James J. Choi & David Laibson & Brigitte C. Madrian, 2005. "Are Empowerment and Education Enough? Underdiversification in 401(k) Plans," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 36(2), pages 151-214.
- Douglas Staiger & James H. Stock, 1997.
"Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 65(3), pages 557-586, May.
- Douglas Staiger & James H. Stock, 1994. "Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments," NBER Technical Working Papers 0151, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Leonardo Bursztyn & Florian Ederer & Bruno Ferman & Noam Yuchtman, 2014.
"Understanding Mechanisms Underlying Peer Effects: Evidence From a Field Experiment on Financial Decisions,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 82(4), pages 1273-1301, July.
- Bursztyn, Leonardo & Ederer, Florian & Ferman, Bruno & Yuchtman, Noam, 2014. "Understanding mechanisms underlying peer effects: evidence from a field experiment on financial decisions," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 91509, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- repec:bla:jfinan:v:59:y:2004:i:1:p:137-163 is not listed on IDEAS
- Robert Cialdini, 2007. "Descriptive Social Norms as Underappreciated Sources of Social Control," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 72(2), pages 263-268, June.
- Merton, Robert C, 1969. "Lifetime Portfolio Selection under Uncertainty: The Continuous-Time Case," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 51(3), pages 247-257, August.
- Alexandra Bernasek & Stephanie Shwiff, 2001. "Gender, Risk, and Retirement," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(2), pages 345-356, June.
- Agnew, Julie R., 2006. "Do Behavioral Biases Vary across Individuals? Evidence from Individual Level 401(k) Data," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 41(4), pages 939-962, December.
- Robert Akerlof, 2016. ""We Thinking" and Its Consequences," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 106(5), pages 415-419, May.
- Gordon L. Clark & Emiko Caerlewy‐Smith & John C. Marshall, 2009. "Solutions to the Asset Allocation Problem by Informed Respondents: The Significance of the Size‐of‐Bet and the 1/N Heuristic," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 12(2), pages 251-271, September.
Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
Cited by:
- Soumyadeep Banerjee & Abid Hussain & Sabarnee Tuladhar & Arabinda Mishra, 2019. "Building capacities of women for climate change adaptation: Insights from migrant-sending households in Nepal," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 157(3), pages 587-609, December.
- Ali-Rind, Asad & Boubaker, Sabri & Jarjir, Souad Lajili, 2023.
"Peer effects in financial economics: A literature survey,"
Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
- Asad Ali-Rind & Sabri Boubaker & Souad Lajili Jarjir, 2023. "Peer effects in financial economics: A literature survey," Post-Print hal-04085261, HAL.
- Chiu, Yu-Fen & Hsieh, Ming-Hua & Tsai, Chenghsien, 2019. "Valuation and analysis on complex equity indexed annuities," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
- Lhaopadchan, Suntharee & Gerrans, Paul & Treepongkaruna, Sirimon, 2024. "Retirement savings behaviours and COVID-19: Evidence from Thailand," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
- Xiaobo Xu & Jiali Fang & Martin Young & Liping Zou, 2024. "The impact of post‐retirement financial market participation on retirement income sufficiency in Australia," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 64(1), pages 903-939, March.
- Mikelionytė Mintautė & Lezgovko Aleksandra, 2021. "Gender Impact on Personal Investment Strategies," Economics and Culture, Sciendo, vol. 18(1), pages 32-45, June.
- Peng, Xiaowen & Alpert, Karen & Hsu, Grace Chia-Man, 2020. "Switching between superannuation funds: Does performance and marketing matter?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
- Zhang, Haolin & Feng, Yongqi & Wang, Ying & Ni, Juan, 2024. "Peer effects in corporate financialization: The role of Fintech in financial decision making," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
Most related items
These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.- Francisco Gomes & Michael Haliassos & Tarun Ramadorai, 2021.
"Household Finance,"
Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 59(3), pages 919-1000, September.
- Haliassos, Michael & Gomes, Francisco, 2020. "Household Finance," CEPR Discussion Papers 14502, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Gomes, Francisco J. & Haliassos, Michael & Ramadorai, Tarun, 2020. "Household finance," IMFS Working Paper Series 138, Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability (IMFS).
- Mitchell, O.S. & Piggott, J., 2016. "Workplace-Linked Pensions for an Aging Demographic," Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, in: Piggott, John & Woodland, Alan (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 0, pages 865-904, Elsevier.
- Lu, Timothy (Jun) & Tang, Ning, 2019. "Social interactions in asset allocation decisions: Evidence from 401(k) pension plan investors," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 1-14.
- Hoffmann, Arvid O.I. & Plotkina, Daria, 2020. "Why and when does financial information affect retirement planning intentions and which consumers are more likely to act on them?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 411-431.
- Lhaopadchan, Suntharee & Gerrans, Paul & Treepongkaruna, Sirimon, 2024. "Retirement savings behaviours and COVID-19: Evidence from Thailand," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
- Mugerman, Yevgeny & Sade, Orly & Shayo, Moses, 2014. "Long term savings decisions: Financial reform, peer effects and ethnicity," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 235-253.
- Jennifer Alonso‐García & Hazel Bateman & Johan Bonekamp & Ralph Stevens, 2021. "Spending from Regulated Retirement Drawdowns: The Role of Implied Endorsement," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 123(3), pages 810-847, July.
- Zhao, Chuanmin & Qu, Xi, 2021. "Peer effects in pension decision-making: evidence from China's new rural pension scheme," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
- Gerrans, Paul & Yap, Ghialy, 2014. "Retirement savings investment choices: Sophisticated or naive?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 233-250.
- Lucks, Konstantin E. & Lührmann, Melanie & Winter, Joachim, 2020.
"Assortative matching and social interaction: A field experiment on adolescents’ risky choices,"
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 313-340.
- Lucks, Konstantin E. & Luhrmann, Melanie & Winter, Joachim, 2020. "Assortative matching and social interaction: A field experiment on adolescents' risky choices," Munich Reprints in Economics 84741, University of Munich, Department of Economics.
- Jennifer Alonso Garcia & Hazel Bateman & Johan Bonekamp & Ralph Stevens, 2017. "Retirement drawdown defaults: the role of implied endorsement," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/300025, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
- Altmejd, Adam & Jansson, Thomas & Karabulut, Yigitcan, 2024. "Business Education and Portfolio Returns," IZA Discussion Papers 16976, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Olckers, Matthew, 2021.
"On track for retirement?,"
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 76-88.
- Matthew Olckers, 2020. "On Track for Retirement?," Papers 2005.01692, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2021.
- Eleonora Patacchini & Edoardo Rainone, 2017.
"Social Ties and the Demand for Financial Services,"
Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 52(1), pages 35-88, October.
- Eleonora Patacchini & Edoardo Rainone, 2017. "Social ties and the demand for financial services," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1115, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
- Paul Gerrans & Marilyn Clark‐Murphy & Craig Speelman, 2010. "Asset allocation and age effects in retirement savings choices," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 50(2), pages 301-319, June.
- Koh, Benedict S.K. & Mitchell, Olivia S. & Rohwedder, Susann, 2020. "Financial knowledge and portfolio complexity in Singapore," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 17(C).
- Lusardi, Annamaria & Kaiser, Tim, 2024.
"Financial literacy and financial education: An overview,"
CEPR Discussion Papers
19185, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Tim Kaiser & Annamaria Lusardi, 2024. "Financial Literacy and Financial Education: An Overview," CESifo Working Paper Series 11070, CESifo.
- Tim Kaiser & Annamaria Lusardi, 2024. "Financial Literacy and Financial Education: An Overview," NBER Working Papers 32355, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Kaiser, Tim & Lusardi, Annamaria, 2024. "Financial Literacy and Financial Education: An Overview," IZA Discussion Papers 16926, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Craig Speelman & Marilyn Clark-Murphy & Paul Gerrans, 2013. "Decision Making Clusters in Retirement Savings: Gender Differences Dominate," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 34(3), pages 329-339, September.
- Kast, Felipe & Meier, Stephan & Pomeranz, Dina, 2018. "Saving more in groups: Field experimental evidence from Chile," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 275-294.
- Guiso, Luigi & Sodini, Paolo, 2013.
"Household Finance: An Emerging Field,"
Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 1397-1532,
Elsevier.
- Luigi Guiso & Paolo Sodini, 2012. "Household Finance. An Emerging Field," EIEF Working Papers Series 1204, Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance (EIEF), revised Mar 2012.
- Guiso, Luigi, 2012. "Household Finance: An Emerging Field," CEPR Discussion Papers 8934, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
More about this item
Keywords
Investment choice; Peer effects; Consumer finance; Retirement savings; Pensions;All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies
- J32 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Retirement Plans; Private Pensions
- G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
- E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
- E22 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity
Statistics
Access and download statisticsCorrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:pacfin:v:47:y:2018:i:c:p:150-165. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/pacfin .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.