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Influence of a CVT on the fuel consumption of a parallel medium-duty electric hybrid truck

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  • Mayet, C.
  • Welles, J.
  • Bouscayrol, A.
  • Hofman, T.
  • Lemaire-Semail, B.

Abstract

Hybrid electric vehicles are being developed to reduce the pollutant emissions and the fossil-fuel consumption of transportation. Innovative technologies are inserted to improve the performance of hybrid vehicles, including trucks and buses. Thereby, trends towards gear shifting automation motivate the research on replacing a discrete conventional Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) with a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). Theoretically, such a transmission enables better operation points of the thermal engine, and therefore a reduction of its fuel consumption and emissions. However, the conventional (hydraulic actuated) CVT efficiency during quasi-stationary operation is typically lower than the efficiency of a classical discrete gearbox, which leads to higher fuel consumption. This paper is focused on the study of the interests of a CVT for a medium-duty Hybrid Electric Truck (HET). The complete model and control of CVT-based and AMT-based HET are described in a unified way using Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR). These models are transformed to backward-models to be computed by the Dynamic Programming Method (DPM). Such a method leads to define the (off-line) optimal energy management strategies for a fair comparison of both hybrid trucks. For the studied driving cycle, the hybridization allows a fuel saving of 10% with an AMT and 3% with a CVT. The fuel consumption is higher for the CVT-based HET in comparison with the AMT-based HET due to the lowest efficiency of the CVT (85%) compared to the AMT (around 92%). However, future (on-demand) CVTs with an increased efficiency could be a solution of interest to reduce the fuel consumption of such applications. The developed method can be used to test these new CVTs, other vehicles or other driving cycles.

Suggested Citation

  • Mayet, C. & Welles, J. & Bouscayrol, A. & Hofman, T. & Lemaire-Semail, B., 2019. "Influence of a CVT on the fuel consumption of a parallel medium-duty electric hybrid truck," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 120-129.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:matcom:v:158:y:2019:i:c:p:120-129
    DOI: 10.1016/j.matcom.2018.07.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Castaings, Ali & Lhomme, Walter & Trigui, Rochdi & Bouscayrol, Alain, 2016. "Comparison of energy management strategies of a battery/supercapacitors system for electric vehicle under real-time constraints," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 190-200.
    2. Burke, Andrew & Zhu, Lin, 2014. "Analysis of Medium Duty Hybrid-Electric Truck Technologies using Electricity, Diesel, and CNG/LNG as the Fuel for Port and Delivery Applications," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt3z4754fh, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    3. Zhuang, Weichao & Zhang, Xiaowu & Ding, Yang & Wang, Liangmo & Hu, Xiaosong, 2016. "Comparison of multi-mode hybrid powertrains with multiple planetary gears," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 624-632.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Mingyu Huang & Chongshi Shi & Yu Zhu & Jiaqiao Zhang & Fubao Zhang, 2021. "Design of Gerotor Pump and Influence on Oil Supply System for Hybrid Transmission," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Bảo-Huy Nguyễn & João Pedro F. Trovão & Ronan German & Alain Bouscayrol, 2020. "Real-Time Energy Management of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Linear Quadratic Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, October.
    4. Aroua, Ayoub & Lhomme, Walter & Redondo-Iglesias, Eduardo & Verbelen, Florian, 2022. "Fuel saving potential of a long haul heavy duty vehicle equipped with an electrical variable transmission," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    5. Jin, Rui & Li, Lei & Liang, Xiaoling & Zou, Xiang & Yang, Zeyuan & Ge, Shuzhi Sam & Huang, Haihong, 2024. "Energy-efficient design of the powertrain for mechanical-electro-hydraulic equipment via configuring multidimensional controllable variables," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).

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