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The distributional impact of recessions: The global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic recession

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  • Shibata, Ippei

Abstract

Using U.S. Current Population Survey data, this paper compares the distributional impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis and those of Global Financial Crisis in terms of (i) worker characteristics, (ii) job characteristics–“social” (where individuals interact to consume goods), “teleworkable” (where individuals have the option of working at home), and “essential” jobs (which were not subject to government mandated shutdowns during the recent recession), and (iii) wage distributions. We find that young and less educated workers have always been affected more in recessions, while women and Hispanics were more severely affected during the Pandemic Recession. Surprisingly, teleworkable, social and essential jobs have been historically less cyclical. This historical acyclicality of teleworkable occupations is attributable to its higher share of skilled workers. Unlike during the Global Financial Crisis, however, employment in social industries fell more whereas employment in teleworkable and essential jobs fell less during the Pandemic Crisis. During both recessions, workers at low-income earnings have suffered more than top-income earners, suggesting a significant distributional impact of the two recessions. Lastly, a large share of unemployed persons was on temporary layoff during the COVID-19 recession, unlike the Global Financial Crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Shibata, Ippei, 2021. "The distributional impact of recessions: The global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic recession," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:jebusi:v:115:y:2021:i:c:s014861952030415x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconbus.2020.105971
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    2. Vanda Almeida & Salvador Barrios & Michael Christl & Silvia Poli & Alberto Tumino & Wouter Wielen, 2021. "The impact of COVID-19 on households´ income in the EU," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 19(3), pages 413-431, September.
    3. Dubois, Corinne & Lambertini, Luisa & Wu, Yu, 2022. "Gender Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Swiss Labor Market," FSES Working Papers 525, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Freiburg/Fribourg Switzerland.
    4. Saudi‐Yulieth Enciso‐Alfaro & Salma Marhroub & Pedro‐José Martínez‐Córdoba & Isabel‐María García‐Sánchez, 2024. "The effect of COVID‐19 on employment: A bibliometric review of a she‐cession," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 3444-3467, July.
    5. Athira, A. & Ramesh, Vishnu K., 2023. "COVID-19 and corporate tax avoidance: International evidence," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(4).
    6. Maranzano, Paolo & Pelagatti, Matteo, 2024. "A Hodrick-Prescott filter with automatically selected jumps," FEEM Working Papers 344134, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    7. Angie Stefania Silupú Prado & Emma Verónica Ramos Farroñán & Marcos Marcelo Flores Castillo & Jessica Karina Fernández Salazar & Ericka Julissa Suysuy Chambergo & Eduardo Ygnacio Arraya Celis & M, 2024. "Compensation for Length of Service: The Case of Latin America Based on the Release of Intangible Social Benefits Promoting Economic Reactivation Post COVID-19," Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Richtmann Publishing Ltd, vol. 13, March.
    8. Santos, Susana C. & Liguori, Eric W. & Garvey, Erin, 2023. "How digitalization reinvented entrepreneurial resilience during COVID-19," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    9. Corinne Dubois & Luisa Lambertini & Yu Wu, 2022. "Gender effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Swiss labor market," Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, Springer;Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics, vol. 158(1), pages 1-29, December.
    10. Bluedorn, John & Caselli, Francesca & Hansen, Niels-Jakob & Shibata, Ippei & Tavares, Marina M., 2023. "Gender and employment in the COVID-19 recession: Cross-Country evidence on “She-Cessions”," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Labor market dynamics; Current population survey; COVID-19 pandemic; Gross worker flows; Distributional impact;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • E3 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

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