IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jbrese/v67y2014i5p1018-1025.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sponsorship effects on brand image: The role of exposure and activity involvement

Author

Listed:
  • Grohs, Reinhard
  • Reisinger, Heribert

Abstract

Sponsorships capture a significant proportion of marketing budgets. In firm evaluations of the effectiveness of sponsorship engagements, image improvements represent the most important company objective. This study develops and tests a framework for explaining how exposure and activity involvement moderate the effects of event image, event–sponsor fit, and event commercialization on sponsor image. Using empirical data collected at a large sporting event with multiple sponsors, the authors show that increased sponsorship exposure reduces sponsor image if respondents perceive a low fit between the event and sponsor or high levels of event commercialization. Involvement in the sponsored activity improves the sponsor's image, in that the effect of event commercialization is positive for highly involved persons. This paper concludes with some reasons for the findings, implications for the choice and design of sponsorships, and further areas for research.

Suggested Citation

  • Grohs, Reinhard & Reisinger, Heribert, 2014. "Sponsorship effects on brand image: The role of exposure and activity involvement," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(5), pages 1018-1025.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:67:y:2014:i:5:p:1018-1025
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.08.008
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296313003056
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.08.008?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. McCracken, Grant, 1989. "Who Is the Celebrity Endorser? Cultural Foundations of the Endorsement Process," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 16(3), pages 310-321, December.
    2. Jean-Noël Kapferer & Gilles Laurent, 1985. "Measuring consumer involvement profiles," Post-Print hal-00786781, HAL.
    3. Reinhard Grohs & Udo Wagner & Sabine Vsetecka, 2004. "Assessing The Effectiveness Of Sport Sponsorships – An Empirical Examination," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, vol. 56(2), pages 119-138, April.
    4. T. Bettina Cornwell & Michael S. Humphreys & Angela M. Maguire & Clinton S. Weeks & Cassandra L. Tellegen, 2006. "Sponsorship-Linked Marketing: The Role of Articulation in Memory," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 33(3), pages 312-321, November.
    5. Xinshu Zhao & John G. Lynch & Qimei Chen, 2010. "Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and Truths about Mediation Analysis," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 37(2), pages 197-206, August.
    6. Zaichkowsky, Judith Lynne, 1985. "Measuring the Involvement Construct," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 12(3), pages 341-352, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Luigi Dolores & Maria Macchiaroli & Gianluigi De Mare, 2021. "Sponsorship’s Financial Sustainability for Cultural Conservation and Enhancement Strategies: An Innovative Model for Sponsees and Sponsors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-28, August.
    2. Raggiotto, Francesco & Scarpi, Daniele & Mason, Michela C., 2019. "Faster! More! Better! Drivers of upgrading among participants in extreme sports events," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1-11.
    3. T. Bettina Cornwell & Youngbum Kwon, 2020. "Sponsorship-linked marketing: research surpluses and shortages," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 607-629, July.
    4. Herrmann, Jean-Luc & Kacha, Mathieu & Derbaix, Christian, 2016. "“I support your team, support me in turn!”," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 604-612.
    5. Raggiotto, Francesco & Scarpi, Daniele, 2020. "Living on the edge: Psychological drivers of athletes’ intention to re-patronage extreme sporting events," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 229-241.
    6. Oshimi, Daichi & Harada, Munehiko, 2019. "Host residents’ role in sporting events: The city image perspective," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 263-275.
    7. Nesset, Erik & Bergem, Ola & Nervik, Bjørn & Schiøll Sørlie, Even & Helgesen, Øyvind, 2021. "Building chain loyalty in grocery retailing by means of loyalty programs – A study of ‘the Norwegian case’," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    8. Jiayu Qian & Jee-Sun Park, 2021. "Influencer-brand fit and brand dilution in China’s luxury market: the moderating role of self-concept clarity," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 28(2), pages 199-220, March.
    9. Hohenberger, Christoph & Grohs, Reinhard, 2020. "Old and exciting? Sport sponsorship effects on brand age and brand personality," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 469-481.
    10. Katharina Maria Hofer & Reinhard Grohs, 2018. "Sponsorship as an internal branding tool and its effects on employees’ identification with the brand," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 25(3), pages 266-275, May.
    11. Scarpi, Daniele & Pizzi, Gabriele & Raggiotto, Francesco & Mason, Michela, 2018. "A qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of satisfaction toward extreme sporting Events," Australasian marketing journal, Elsevier, vol. 26(4), pages 358-368.
    12. Jaskirat Singh Rai & Apar Singh, 2020. "The Impact of Team Association on Attendees’ Product Knowledge and Purchase Intentions: A Case of Indian Premier League," IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, , vol. 9(2), pages 202-212, July.
    13. Peluso, Alessandro M. & Rizzo, Cristian & Pino, Giovanni, 2019. "Controversial sports sponsorships: Effects of sponsor moral appropriateness and self-team connection on sponsored teams and external benefit perceptions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 339-351.
    14. Kleopatra Konstantoulaki & Ioannis Rizomyliotis & Apostolos Giovanis & Vittorio Conti & Christos Kallandranis, 2017. "Sponsoring Sports Teams with Low Media Exposure: An Exploratory Investigation on Small and Medium Sized B2B Firms," International Journal of Marketing Studies, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(5), pages 77-94, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jaskirat Singh Rai & Apar Singh, 2020. "The Impact of Team Association on Attendees’ Product Knowledge and Purchase Intentions: A Case of Indian Premier League," IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, , vol. 9(2), pages 202-212, July.
    2. Sue Bridgewater, 2014. "Sponsorship and football," Chapters, in: John Goddard & Peter Sloane (ed.), Handbook on the Economics of Professional Football, chapter 8, pages 117-129, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    3. Qing Yuan & HakJun Song & Nan Chen & Wenwen Shang, 2019. "Roles of Tourism Involvement and Place Attachment in Determining Residents’ Attitudes Toward Industrial Heritage Tourism in a Resource-Exhausted City in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-23, September.
    4. Koo, Jakeun & Lee, Younghan, 2019. "Sponsor-event congruence effects: The moderating role of sport involvement and mediating role of sponsor attitudes," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 222-234.
    5. Jeannot, Florence & Dampérat, Maud & Salvador, Marielle & El Euch Maalej, Mariem & Jongmans, Eline, 2022. "Toward a luxury restaurant renewal: Antecedents and consequences of digitalized gastronomy experiences," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 518-539.
    6. Nguyen, Hang T. & Zhang, Yufei & Calantone, Roger J., 2018. "Brand portfolio coherence: Scale development and empirical demonstration," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 60-80.
    7. Inoue, Yuhei & Funk, Daniel C. & McDonald, Heath, 2017. "Predicting behavioral loyalty through corporate social responsibility: The mediating role of involvement and commitment," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 46-56.
    8. Diamantopoulos, Adamantios & Davydova, Olga & Arslanagic-Kalajdzic, Maja, 2019. "Modeling the role of consumer xenocentrism in impacting preferences for domestic and foreign brands: A mediation analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 587-596.
    9. Kleopatra Konstantoulaki & Ioannis Rizomyliotis & Apostolos Giovanis & Vittorio Conti & Christos Kallandranis, 2017. "Sponsoring Sports Teams with Low Media Exposure: An Exploratory Investigation on Small and Medium Sized B2B Firms," International Journal of Marketing Studies, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(5), pages 77-94, October.
    10. O'Cass, A., 2000. "An assessment of consumers product, purchase decision, advertising and consumption involvement in fashion clothing," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 545-576, October.
    11. Kautish, Pradeep & Paço, Arminda & Thaichon, Park, 2022. "Sustainable consumption and plastic packaging: Relationships among product involvement, perceived marketplace influence and choice behavior," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    12. Catherine Viot & Juliette Passebois-Ducros, 2010. "Wine brands or branded wines? The specificity of the French market in terms of the brand," Post-Print hal-01803728, HAL.
    13. Tibert Verhagen & Daniel Bloemers, 2018. "Exploring the cognitive and affective bases of online purchase intentions: a hierarchical test across product types," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 537-561, September.
    14. Thomas, Sunil & Kohli, Chiranjeev S., 2011. "Can brand image move upwards after Sideways? A strategic approach to brand placements," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 54(1), pages 41-49.
    15. Nguyen, Hang T. & Chaudhuri, Malika, 2019. "Making new products go viral and succeed," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 39-62.
    16. Ying-Chih Chang & Tsu-Ming Yeh & Fan-Yun Pai & Tai-Peng Huang, 2018. "Sport Activity for Health!! The Effects of Karate Participants’ Involvement, Perceived Value, and Leisure Benefits on Recommendation Intention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-16, May.
    17. Lee, Joon Sung & Kwak, Dae Hee, 2017. "Can winning take care of everything? A longitudinal assessment of post-transgression actions on repairing trust in an athlete endorser," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 261-272.
    18. Lee, Kuan-Huei & Scott, Noel & Packer, Jan, 2014. "Habitus and food lifestyle: In-destination activity participation of Slow Food members," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 207-220.
    19. Gaia Rubera & Andrea Ordanini & David Mazursky, 2010. "Toward a contingency view of new product creativity: Assessing the interactive effects of consumers," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 191-206, June.
    20. Chen Yang & Jing Hu, 2022. "When do consumers prefer AI-enabled customer service? The interaction effect of brand personality and service provision type on brand attitudes and purchase intentions," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 29(2), pages 167-189, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:67:y:2014:i:5:p:1018-1025. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jbusres .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.