IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/insuma/v86y2019icp145-157.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Tail risk measures and risk allocation for the class of multivariate normal mean–variance mixture distributions

Author

Listed:
  • Kim, Joseph H.T.
  • Kim, So-Yeun

Abstract

The Conditional Tail Expectation (CTE), also known as the Expected Shortfall and Tail-VaR, has received much attention as a preferred risk measure in finance and insurance applications. A related risk management exercise is to allocate the amount of the CTE computed for the aggregate or portfolio risk into individual risk units, a procedure known as the CTE allocation. In this paper we derive analytic formulas of the CTE and its allocation for the class of multivariate normal mean–variance mixture (NMVM) distributions, which is known to be extremely flexible and contains many well-known special cases as its members. We also develop the closed-form expression of the conditional tail variance (CTV) for the NMVM class, an alternative risk measure proposed in the literature to supplement the CTE by capturing the tail variability of the underlying distribution. To illustrate our findings, we focus on the multivariate Generalized Hyperbolic Distribution (GHD) family which is a popular subclass of the NMVM in connection with Lévy processes and contains some common distributions for financial modelling. In addition, we also consider the multivariate slash distribution which is not a member of GHD family but still belongs to the NMVM class. Our result is an extension of the recent contribution of Ignatieva and Landsman (2015).

Suggested Citation

  • Kim, Joseph H.T. & Kim, So-Yeun, 2019. "Tail risk measures and risk allocation for the class of multivariate normal mean–variance mixture distributions," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 145-157.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:86:y:2019:i:c:p:145-157
    DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2019.02.010
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167668717304158
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2019.02.010?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. N. H. Bingham & Rudiger Kiesel & Rafael Schmidt, 2003. "A semi-parametric approach to risk management," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(6), pages 426-441.
    2. Georg Ch Pflug & Werner Römisch, 2007. "Modeling, Measuring and Managing Risk," World Scientific Books, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., number 6478, August.
    3. Ignatieva, Katja & Landsman, Zinoviy, 2015. "Estimating the tails of loss severity via conditional risk measures for the family of symmetric generalised hyperbolic distributions," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 172-186.
    4. Furman, Edward & Landsman, Zinoviy, 2006. "Tail Variance Premium with Applications for Elliptical Portfolio of Risks," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 36(2), pages 433-462, November.
    5. Tsanakas, Andreas & Barnett, Christopher, 2003. "Risk capital allocation and cooperative pricing of insurance liabilities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 239-254, October.
    6. Owen, Joel & Rabinovitch, Ramon, 1983. "On the Class of Elliptical Distributions and Their Applications to the Theory of Portfolio Choice," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 38(3), pages 745-752, June.
    7. Laeven, Roger J. A. & Goovaerts, Marc J., 2004. "An optimization approach to the dynamic allocation of economic capital," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 299-319, October.
    8. Zinoviy Landsman & Emiliano Valdez, 2003. "Tail Conditional Expectations for Elliptical Distributions," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(4), pages 55-71.
    9. Cossette, Hélène & Mailhot, Mélina & Marceau, Étienne, 2012. "TVaR-based capital allocation for multivariate compound distributions with positive continuous claim amounts," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 247-256.
    10. Martin Hellmich & Stefan Kassberger, 2011. "Efficient and robust portfolio optimization in the multivariate Generalized Hyperbolic framework," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(10), pages 1503-1516.
    11. Furman, Edward & Landsman, Zinoviy, 2010. "Multivariate Tweedie distributions and some related capital-at-risk analyses," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(2), pages 351-361, April.
    12. Landsman, Zinoviy & Valdez, Emiliano A., 2005. "Tail Conditional Expectations for Exponential Dispersion Models," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 35(1), pages 189-209, May.
    13. Michael Kalkbrener, 2005. "An Axiomatic Approach To Capital Allocation," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(3), pages 425-437, July.
    14. Joseph Kim, 2010. "Conditional Tail Moments of the Exponential Family and Its Related Distributions," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 198-216.
    15. Dhaene, J. & Henrard, L. & Landsman, Z. & Vandendorpe, A. & Vanduffel, S., 2008. "Some results on the CTE-based capital allocation rule," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 855-863, April.
    16. Marc Goovaerts & Eddy Van den Borre & Roger Laeven, 2005. "Managing Economic and Virtual Economic Capital Within Financial Conglomerates," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(3), pages 77-89.
    17. Jan Dhaene & Andreas Tsanakas & Emiliano A. Valdez & Steven Vanduffel, 2012. "Optimal Capital Allocation Principles," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 79(1), pages 1-28, March.
    18. Vernic, Raluca, 2006. "Multivariate skew-normal distributions with applications in insurance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 413-426, April.
    19. Kim, Joseph H.T. & Hardy, Mary R., 2009. "A capital allocation based on a solvency exchange option," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 357-366, June.
    20. Valdez, Emiliano A. & Chernih, Andrew, 2003. "Wang's capital allocation formula for elliptically contoured distributions," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 517-532, December.
    21. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen & Jean‐Marc Eber & David Heath, 1999. "Coherent Measures of Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 203-228, July.
    22. Stefan Kassberger & Rüdiger Kiesel, 2006. "A fully parametric approach to return modelling and risk management of hedge funds," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 20(4), pages 472-491, December.
    23. Kevin Fergusson & Eckhard Platen, 2006. "On the Distributional Characterization of Daily Log-Returns of a World Stock Index," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(1), pages 19-38.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Bingjie & Li, Jinzhu, 2024. "Asymptotic results on tail moment for light-tailed risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 43-55.
    2. Mohammed, Nawaf & Furman, Edward & Su, Jianxi, 2021. "Can a regulatory risk measure induce profit-maximizing risk capital allocations? The case of conditional tail expectation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(PB), pages 425-436.
    3. Baishuai Zuo & Chuancun Yin, 2020. "Conditional tail risk expectations for location-scale mixture of elliptical distributions," Papers 2007.09350, arXiv.org.
    4. Nawaf Mohammed & Edward Furman & Jianxi Su, 2021. "Can a regulatory risk measure induce profit-maximizing risk capital allocations? The case of Conditional Tail Expectation," Papers 2102.05003, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2021.
    5. Baishuai Zuo & Chuancun Yin, 2021. "Multivariate tail covariance for generalized skew-elliptical distributions," Papers 2103.05201, arXiv.org.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohammed, Nawaf & Furman, Edward & Su, Jianxi, 2021. "Can a regulatory risk measure induce profit-maximizing risk capital allocations? The case of conditional tail expectation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(PB), pages 425-436.
    2. Nawaf Mohammed & Edward Furman & Jianxi Su, 2021. "Can a regulatory risk measure induce profit-maximizing risk capital allocations? The case of Conditional Tail Expectation," Papers 2102.05003, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2021.
    3. van Gulick, Gerwald & De Waegenaere, Anja & Norde, Henk, 2012. "Excess based allocation of risk capital," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 26-42.
    4. van Gulick, G. & De Waegenaere, A.M.B. & Norde, H.W., 2010. "Excess Based Allocation of Risk Capital," Other publications TiSEM f9231521-fea7-4524-8fea-8, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    5. Furman, Edward & Kye, Yisub & Su, Jianxi, 2021. "Multiplicative background risk models: Setting a course for the idiosyncratic risk factors distributed phase-type," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 153-167.
    6. Ignatieva, Katja & Landsman, Zinoviy, 2019. "Conditional tail risk measures for the skewed generalised hyperbolic family," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 98-114.
    7. Furman, Edward & Zitikis, Ricardas, 2008. "Weighted risk capital allocations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 263-269, October.
    8. Furman, Edward & Kuznetsov, Alexey & Zitikis, Ričardas, 2018. "Weighted risk capital allocations in the presence of systematic risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 75-81.
    9. Alexandru V. Asimit & Raluca Vernic & Riċardas Zitikis, 2013. "Evaluating Risk Measures and Capital Allocations Based on Multi-Losses Driven by a Heavy-Tailed Background Risk: The Multivariate Pareto-II Model," Risks, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-20, March.
    10. Furman, Edward & Landsman, Zinoviy, 2010. "Multivariate Tweedie distributions and some related capital-at-risk analyses," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(2), pages 351-361, April.
    11. Wang, Wei & Xu, Huifu & Ma, Tiejun, 2023. "Optimal scenario-dependent multivariate shortfall risk measure and its application in risk capital allocation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 306(1), pages 322-347.
    12. Righi, Marcelo Brutti & Müller, Fernanda Maria & Moresco, Marlon Ruoso, 2020. "On a robust risk measurement approach for capital determination errors minimization," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 199-211.
    13. Jilber Urbina & Miguel Santolino & Montserrat Guillen, 2021. "Covariance Principle for Capital Allocation: A Time-Varying Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(16), pages 1-13, August.
    14. Koike, Takaaki & Hofert, Marius, 2021. "Modality for scenario analysis and maximum likelihood allocation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 24-43.
    15. Takaaki Koike & Marius Hofert, 2020. "Modality for Scenario Analysis and Maximum Likelihood Allocation," Papers 2005.02950, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2020.
    16. Xu, Maochao & Mao, Tiantian, 2013. "Optimal capital allocation based on the Tail Mean–Variance model," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 533-543.
    17. Takaaki Koike & Marius Hofert, 2019. "Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods for Estimating Systemic Risk Allocations," Papers 1909.11794, arXiv.org, revised May 2020.
    18. Owadally, Iqbal & Landsman, Zinoviy, 2013. "A characterization of optimal portfolios under the tail mean–variance criterion," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 213-221.
    19. Kim, Joseph H.T. & Hardy, Mary R., 2009. "A capital allocation based on a solvency exchange option," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 357-366, June.
    20. Mélina Mailhot & Mhamed Mesfioui, 2016. "Multivariate TVaR-Based Risk Decomposition for Vector-Valued Portfolios," Risks, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-16, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:86:y:2019:i:c:p:145-157. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/505554 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.