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Characterization of the Shapley–Shubik power index without the efficiency axiom

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  • Einy, Ezra
  • Haimanko, Ori

Abstract

We show that the Shapley–Shubik power index on the domain of simple (voting) games can be uniquely characterized without the efficiency axiom. In our axiomatization, the efficiency is replaced by the following weaker requirement that we term the gain-loss axiom: any gain in power by a player implies a loss for someone else (the axiom does not specify the extent of the loss). The rest of our axioms are standard: transfer (which is the version of additivity adapted for simple games), symmetry or equal treatment, and dummy.

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  • Einy, Ezra & Haimanko, Ori, 2011. "Characterization of the Shapley–Shubik power index without the efficiency axiom," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 73(2), pages 615-621.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:gamebe:v:73:y:2011:i:2:p:615-621
    DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2011.03.007
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    1. Dubey, Pradeep & Einy, Ezra & Haimanko, Ori, 2005. "Compound voting and the Banzhaf index," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 20-30, April.
    2. Roth, Alvin E., 1977. "Utility functions for simple games," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 481-489, December.
    3. Blair, Douglas H. & McLean, Richard P., 1990. "Subjective evaluations of n-person games," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 346-361, April.
    4. Ezra Einy, 1987. "Semivalues of Simple Games," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 12(2), pages 185-192, May.
    5. Pradeep Dubey & Abraham Neyman & Robert James Weber, 1981. "Value Theory Without Efficiency," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 6(1), pages 122-128, February.
    6. Shapley, L. S. & Shubik, Martin, 1954. "A Method for Evaluating the Distribution of Power in a Committee System," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 48(3), pages 787-792, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. André Casajus & Frank Huettner, 2019. "The Coleman–Shapley index: being decisive within the coalition of the interested," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 181(3), pages 275-289, December.
    2. Sylvain Béal & Marc Deschamps & Mostapha Diss & Rodrigue Tido Takeng, 2024. "Cooperative games with diversity constraints," Working Papers hal-04447373, HAL.
    3. Stefano Benati & Giuseppe Vittucci Marzetti, 2013. "Probabilistic spatial power indexes," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 40(2), pages 391-410, February.
    4. Shan, Erfang & Cui, Zeguang & Lyu, Wenrong, 2023. "Gain–loss and new axiomatizations of the Shapley value," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    5. Hans Peters & José M. Zarzuelo, 2017. "An axiomatic characterization of the Owen–Shapley spatial power index," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, vol. 46(2), pages 525-545, May.
    6. Ritu Dutta & Souvik Roy & Surajit Borkotokey, 2023. "The Generalized Shapley Value of Cooperative Games as a Social Preference Function," Group Decision and Negotiation, Springer, vol. 32(2), pages 277-300, April.
    7. Karos, Dominik & Peters, Hans, 2015. "Indirect control and power in mutual control structures," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 150-165.
    8. Ritu Dutta & Rajnish Kumnar & Surajit Borkotokey, 2023. "How to choose a Compatible Committee?," Papers 2308.03507, arXiv.org.
    9. Gusev, Vasily V., 2020. "The vertex cover game: Application to transport networks," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    10. Qianqian Kong & Hans Peters, 2021. "An issue based power index," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, vol. 50(1), pages 23-38, March.
    11. Vasily V. Gusev, 2021. "Set-weighted games and their application to the cover problem," HSE Working papers WP BRP 247/EC/2021, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    12. Cesarino Bertini & Josep Freixas & Gianfranco Gambarelli & Izabella Stach, 2013. "Comparing Power Indices," International Game Theory Review (IGTR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 15(02), pages 1-19.
    13. Casajus, André, 2014. "The Shapley value without efficiency and additivity," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-4.
    14. Albizuri, M.J. & Goikoetxea, A., 2022. "Probabilistic Owen-Shapley spatial power indices," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 524-541.
    15. M. J. Albizuri & A. Goikoetxea, 2021. "The Owen–Shapley Spatial Power Index in Three-Dimensional Space," Group Decision and Negotiation, Springer, vol. 30(5), pages 1027-1055, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Simple games; Shapley–Shubik power index; Efficiency axiom;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C71 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Cooperative Games
    • D72 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior

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