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Impact of coconut oil blends on particulate-phase PAHs and regulated emissions from a light duty diesel engine

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  • How, H.G.
  • Teoh, Y.H.
  • Masjuki, H.H.
  • Kalam, M.A.

Abstract

Biofuel is a prominent alternative fuel because of its environmental benefits and similar physiochemical properties to diesel fuel. This study investigated the impact of high quality refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) coconut oil blends and fuel throttle setting on performance and exhaust emissions of diesel engine. The criteria regulated emissions and particulate-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied. The engine was operated with pure diesel and blended fuels contain of 10%, 30% and 50% of coconut oil by volume. Experiments were conducted under 75% and 50% throttle opening conditions at 2000 rpm. The use of coconut oil blends resulted in a reduction of all of the regulated emissions, except for slight fluctuations in CO2 emissions. There was no significant difference in total PAH emissions with the different throttle settings. All the coconut oil blends showed lower PAH emissions except for fluoranthene (FL) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) compounds. Notably, coconut oil blends resulted in a maximum reduction of 40% in total PAH concentration. It was observed that coconut oil blends increased the total benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaPeq). However, the reduction in benzo[a]anthracene (BaA) indicated the positive effects on toxicity reduction of coconut oil as a potential substitute for fossil diesel.

Suggested Citation

  • How, H.G. & Teoh, Y.H. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A., 2012. "Impact of coconut oil blends on particulate-phase PAHs and regulated emissions from a light duty diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 500-509.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:48:y:2012:i:1:p:500-509
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.10.009
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    4. Kang, Yinhu & Sun, Yuming & Lu, Xiaofeng & Gou, Xiaolong & Sun, Sicong & Yan, Jin & Song, Yangfan & Zhang, Pengyuan & Wang, Quanhai & Ji, Xuanyu, 2018. "Soot formation characteristics of ethylene premixed burner-stabilized stagnation flame with dimethyl ether addition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 709-721.
    5. Öztürk, Uğur & Hazar, Hanbey & Yılmaz, Fikret, 2019. "Comparative performance and emission characteristics of peanut seed oil methyl ester (PSME) on a thermal isolated diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 260-268.
    6. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Atabani, A.E., 2013. "Evaluation of biodiesel blending, engine performance and emissions characteristics of Jatropha curcas methyl ester: Malaysian perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 879-887.
    7. Blin, J. & Brunschwig, C. & Chapuis, A. & Changotade, O. & Sidibe, S.S. & Noumi, E.S. & Girard, P., 2013. "Characteristics of vegetable oils for use as fuel in stationary diesel engines—Towards specifications for a standard in West Africa," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 580-597.
    8. Singh, Paramvir & Varun, & Chauhan, S.R., 2016. "Carbonyl and aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from diesel engine exhaust using different feedstock: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 269-291.
    9. Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Masjuki, H.H. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Silitonga, A.S. & Chong, W.T. & Yusaf, Talal, 2014. "Engine performance and emissions using Jatropha curcas, Ceiba pentandra and Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel in a CI diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 427-445.
    10. How, H.G. & Teoh, Y.H. & Krishnan, B. Navaneetha & Le, T.D. & Nguyen, H.T. & Prabhu, C., 2021. "Prediction of optimum Palm Oil Methyl Ester fuel blend for compression ignition engine using Response Surface Methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    11. Hoang, Anh Tuan, 2019. "Experimental study on spray and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with preheated bio-oils and diesel fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 795-808.
    12. How, H.G. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Teoh, Y.H., 2014. "An investigation of the engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of coconut biodiesel in a high-pressure common-rail diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 749-759.
    13. Puneet Verma & Svetlana Stevanovic & Ali Zare & Gaurav Dwivedi & Thuy Chu Van & Morgan Davidson & Thomas Rainey & Richard J. Brown & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2019. "An Overview of the Influence of Biodiesel, Alcohols, and Various Oxygenated Additives on the Particulate Matter Emissions from Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-25, May.

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