IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v37y2012i1p689-697.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Measurements and simulations for peak electrical load reduction in cooling dominated climate

Author

Listed:
  • Sadineni, Suresh B.
  • Boehm, Robert F.

Abstract

Peak electric demand due to cooling load in the Desert Southwest region of the US has been an issue for the electrical energy suppliers. To address this issue, a consortium has been formed between the University of Nevada Las Vegas, Pulte Homes (home builder) and NV Energy (local utility) in order to reduce the peak load by more than 65%. The implemented strategies that were used to accomplish that goal consist of energy efficiency in homes, onsite electricity generation through roof integrated PV, direct load control, and battery storage at the substation level. The simulation models developed using building energy analysis software were validated against measured data. The electrical energy demand for the upgraded home during peak period (1:00–7:00 PM) decreased by approximately 37% and 9% compared to a code standard home of the same size, due to energy efficiency and PV generation, respectively. The total decrease in electrical demand due to energy efficiency and PV generation during the peak period is 46%. Additionally, a 2.2 °C increase in thermostat temperature from 23.9 °C to 26.1 °C between 4:00 PM and 7:00 PM has further decreased the average demand during the peak period by 69% of demand from a standard home.

Suggested Citation

  • Sadineni, Suresh B. & Boehm, Robert F., 2012. "Measurements and simulations for peak electrical load reduction in cooling dominated climate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 689-697.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:37:y:2012:i:1:p:689-697
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.026
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544211006852
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.026?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Geller, Howard & Harrington, Philip & Rosenfeld, Arthur H. & Tanishima, Satoshi & Unander, Fridtjof, 2006. "Polices for increasing energy efficiency: Thirty years of experience in OECD countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 556-573, March.
    2. Ashok, S. & Banerjee, R., 2003. "Optimal cool storage capacity for load management," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 115-126.
    3. Medina, Mario A. & King, Jennifer B. & Zhang, Meng, 2008. "On the heat transfer rate reduction of structural insulated panels (SIPs) outfitted with phase change materials (PCMs)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 667-678.
    4. Herter, Karen & McAuliffe, Patrick & Rosenfeld, Arthur, 2007. "An exploratory analysis of California residential customer response to critical peak pricing of electricity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 25-34.
    5. repec:arz:wpaper:eres2011-156 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Wang, Jianhui & Bloyd, Cary N. & Hu, Zhaoguang & Tan, Zhongfu, 2010. "Demand response in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 1592-1597.
    7. Huang, Li & Petermann, Marcus & Doetsch, Christian, 2009. "Evaluation of paraffin/water emulsion as a phase change slurry for cooling applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(9), pages 1145-1155.
    8. Sadineni, Suresh B. & France, Todd M. & Boehm, Robert F., 2011. "Economic feasibility of energy efficiency measures in residential buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 2925-2931.
    9. Florides, G. A. & Tassou, S. A. & Kalogirou, S. A. & Wrobel, L. C., 2002. "Measures used to lower building energy consumption and their cost effectiveness," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(3-4), pages 299-328, November.
    10. Marszal, Anna Joanna & Heiselberg, Per, 2011. "Life cycle cost analysis of a multi-storey residential Net Zero Energy Building in Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 5600-5609.
    11. Kempton, Willett & Kubo, Toru, 2000. "Electric-drive vehicles for peak power in Japan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 9-18, January.
    12. Gieseler, U.D.J. & Heidt, F.D. & Bier, W., 2004. "Evaluation of the cost efficiency of an energy efficient building," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 369-376.
    13. Li, D.H.W. & Lam, J.C. & Wong, S.L., 2005. "Daylighting and its effects on peak load determination," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(10), pages 1817-1831.
    14. Chirarattananon, S. & Chaiwiwatworakul, P. & Hien, V.D. & Rakkwamsuk, P. & Kubaha, K., 2010. "Assessment of energy savings from the revised building energy code of Thailand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 1741-1753.
    15. Sadineni, Suresh B. & Madala, Srikanth & Boehm, Robert F., 2011. "Passive building energy savings: A review of building envelope components," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3617-3631.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Yuna & Augenbroe, Godfried, 2018. "Optimal demand charge reduction for commercial buildings through a combination of efficiency and flexibility measures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 180-194.
    2. Feng, Wei & Zhang, Qianning & Ji, Hui & Wang, Ran & Zhou, Nan & Ye, Qing & Hao, Bin & Li, Yutong & Luo, Duo & Lau, Stephen Siu Yu, 2019. "A review of net zero energy buildings in hot and humid climates: Experience learned from 34 case study buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Luo, Na & Hong, Tianzhen & Li, Hui & Jia, Ruoxi & Weng, Wenguo, 2017. "Data analytics and optimization of an ice-based energy storage system for commercial buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 459-475.
    4. Li, Danny H.W. & Yang, Liu & Lam, Joseph C., 2013. "Zero energy buildings and sustainable development implications – A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1-10.
    5. Gohar Gholamibozanjani & Mohammed Farid, 2021. "A Critical Review on the Control Strategies Applied to PCM-Enhanced Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-39, March.
    6. Rhodes, Joshua D. & Upshaw, Charles R. & Harris, Chioke B. & Meehan, Colin M. & Walling, David A. & Navrátil, Paul A. & Beck, Ariane L. & Nagasawa, Kazunori & Fares, Robert L. & Cole, Wesley J. & Kuma, 2014. "Experimental and data collection methods for a large-scale smart grid deployment: Methods and first results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 462-471.
    7. Byrne, Paul & Fournaison, Laurence & Delahaye, Anthony & Ait Oumeziane, Yacine & Serres, Laurent & Loulergue, Patrick & Szymczyk, Anthony & Mugnier, Daniel & Malaval, Jean-Luc & Bourdais, Romain & Gue, 2015. "A review on the coupling of cooling, desalination and solar photovoltaic systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 703-717.
    8. Naja Aqilah & Hom Bahadur Rijal & Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, 2022. "A Review of Thermal Comfort in Residential Buildings: Comfort Threads and Energy Saving Potential," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-23, November.
    9. Huang, Pei & Fan, Cheng & Zhang, Xingxing & Wang, Jiayuan, 2019. "A hierarchical coordinated demand response control for buildings with improved performances at building group," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 684-694.
    10. Gu, Yujiong & Xu, Jing & Chen, Dongchao & Wang, Zhong & Li, Qianqian, 2016. "Overall review of peak shaving for coal-fired power units in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 723-731.
    11. Yang, Liu & Yan, Haiyan & Lam, Joseph C., 2014. "Thermal comfort and building energy consumption implications – A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 164-173.
    12. Miimu Airaksinen & Mika Vuolle, 2013. "Heating Energy and Peak-Power Demand in a Standard and Low Energy Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-16, January.
    13. Kapsalis, Vasileios & Maduta, Carmen & Skandalos, Nikolaos & Wang, Meng & Bhuvad, Sushant Suresh & D'Agostino, Delia & Ma, Tao & Raj, Uday & Parker, Danny & Peng, Jinqing & Karamanis, Dimitris, 2024. "Critical assessment of large-scale rooftop photovoltaics deployment in the global urban environment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    14. Garg, Amit & Shukla, P.R. & Maheshwari, Jyoti & Upadhyay, Jigeesha, 2014. "An assessment of household electricity load curves and corresponding CO2 marginal abatement cost curves for Gujarat state, India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 568-584.
    15. Jaesung Park & Taeyeon Kim & Chul-sung Lee, 2019. "Development of Thermal Comfort-Based Controller and Potential Reduction of the Cooling Energy Consumption of a Residential Building in Kuwait," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-22, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sadineni, Suresh B. & Atallah, Fady & Boehm, Robert F., 2012. "Impact of roof integrated PV orientation on the residential electricity peak demand," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 204-210.
    2. Sadineni, Suresh B. & Madala, Srikanth & Boehm, Robert F., 2011. "Passive building energy savings: A review of building envelope components," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3617-3631.
    3. De Boeck, L. & Verbeke, S. & Audenaert, A. & De Mesmaeker, L., 2015. "Improving the energy performance of residential buildings: A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 960-975.
    4. Qiu, Xiaolin & Li, Wei & Song, Guolin & Chu, Xiaodong & Tang, Guoyi, 2012. "Microencapsulated n-octadecane with different methylmethacrylate-based copolymer shells as phase change materials for thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 188-199.
    5. Wang, Yong & Li, Lin, 2015. "Time-of-use electricity pricing for industrial customers: A survey of U.S. utilities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 89-103.
    6. Porse, Erik & Derenski, Joshua & Gustafson, Hannah & Elizabeth, Zoe & Pincetl, Stephanie, 2016. "Structural, geographic, and social factors in urban building energy use: Analysis of aggregated account-level consumption data in a megacity," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 179-192.
    7. Wang, Yong & Li, Lin, 2016. "Critical peak electricity pricing for sustainable manufacturing: Modeling and case studies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 40-53.
    8. Brandão de Vasconcelos, Ana & Cabaço, António & Pinheiro, Manuel Duarte & Manso, Armando, 2016. "The impact of building orientation and discount rates on a Portuguese reference building refurbishment decision," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 329-340.
    9. He, Yayue & Li, Wei & Han, Na & Wang, Jianping & Zhang, Xingxiang, 2019. "Facile flexible reversible thermochromic membranes based on micro/nanoencapsulated phase change materials for wearable temperature sensor," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 615-629.
    10. Song, Guolin & Ma, Sude & Tang, Guoyi & Yin, Zhansong & Wang, Xiaowei, 2010. "Preparation and characterization of flame retardant form-stable phase change materials composed by EPDM, paraffin and nano magnesium hydroxide," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 2179-2183.
    11. Sadineni, Suresh B. & France, Todd M. & Boehm, Robert F., 2011. "Economic feasibility of energy efficiency measures in residential buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 2925-2931.
    12. Miimu Airaksinen & Mika Vuolle, 2013. "Heating Energy and Peak-Power Demand in a Standard and Low Energy Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-16, January.
    13. Wang, Yi-Hsien & Yang, Yue-Tzu, 2011. "Three-dimensional transient cooling simulations of a portable electronic device using PCM (phase change materials) in multi-fin heat sink," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 5214-5224.
    14. Karunathilake, Hirushie & Hewage, Kasun & Sadiq, Rehan, 2018. "Opportunities and challenges in energy demand reduction for Canadian residential sector: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2005-2016.
    15. Han, Pengju & Lu, Lixin & Qiu, Xiaolin & Tang, Yali & Wang, Jun, 2015. "Preparation and characterization of macrocapsules containing microencapsulated PCMs (phase change materials) for thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 531-539.
    16. Copiello, Sergio, 2017. "Building energy efficiency: A research branch made of paradoxes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 1064-1076.
    17. Parameshwaran, R. & Kalaiselvam, S. & Harikrishnan, S. & Elayaperumal, A., 2012. "Sustainable thermal energy storage technologies for buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2394-2433.
    18. Kousksou, T. & El Rhafiki, T. & Jamil, A. & Bruel, P. & Zeraouli, Y., 2013. "PCMs inside emulsions: Some specific aspects related to DSC (differential scanning calorimeter)-like configurations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 175-183.
    19. Zhang, Qi & Mclellan, Benjamin C. & Tezuka, Tetsuo & Ishihara, Keiichi N., 2013. "A methodology for economic and environmental analysis of electric vehicles with different operational conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 118-127.
    20. Dong, Jun & Xue, Guiyuan & Li, Rong, 2016. "Demand response in China: Regulations, pilot projects and recommendations – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 13-27.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:37:y:2012:i:1:p:689-697. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.