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Hydrogen generation by aluminum corrosion in aqueous alkaline solutions of inorganic promoters: The AlHidrox process

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  • Macanás, Jorge
  • Soler, Lluís
  • Candela, Angélica María
  • Muñoz, Maria
  • Casado, Juan

Abstract

The research of alternative processes to obtain clean fuels has become a main issue because of the concerns related to the current energy system, both from economical and environmental points of view. Hydrogen storage and production methods are being investigated for stationary and portable applications. Up to now, a significant part of H2 production on demand was thought to be fulfilled by using chemical hydrides, but recent studies have proved the limitations of this approach. Conversely, H2 production based in the corrosion of light metals in water solutions is an interesting alternative. Among all of them, Al is probably the most adequate metal for energetic purposes due to its high electron density and oxidation potential. But concerning H2 production from Al corrosion in water, a major issue remains unsolved: metal passivation due to the formation of Al(OH)3 inhibits H2 evolution. In this work we show the last results obtained for the generation of H2 from water using Al powder using diverse alkaline solutions. It is confirmed that corrosion is not affected solely by the solution pH but also by the nature of the ionic species found in the aqueous medium. Moreover, we describe the AlHidrox process, which minimizes Al passivation under mild conditions by the addition of different inorganic salts as corrosion promoters, allowing 100% yields and flow rates up to 2.9 L/min per gram of Al. The feasibility of the process has been regarded in terms of stability (by conducting several successive runs) and self-initiation without an external heating.

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  • Macanás, Jorge & Soler, Lluís & Candela, Angélica María & Muñoz, Maria & Casado, Juan, 2011. "Hydrogen generation by aluminum corrosion in aqueous alkaline solutions of inorganic promoters: The AlHidrox process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2493-2501.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:5:p:2493-2501
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.041
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    5. Slocum, Jonathan T. & Eagar, Thomas W. & Taylor, Richard & Hart, Douglas P., 2020. "Activation of bulk aluminum and its application in a hydrogen generator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    6. Liu, Yongan & Wang, Xinhua & Liu, Haizhen & Dong, Zhaohui & Cao, Guozhou & Yan, Mi, 2014. "Hydrogen generation from Mg–LiBH4 hydrolysis improved by AlCl3 addition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 548-554.
    7. Xiao, Fei & Yang, Rongjie & Li, Jianmin, 2019. "Hydrogen generation from hydrolysis of activated aluminum/organic fluoride/bismuth composites with high hydrogen generation rate and good aging resistance in air," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 159-169.
    8. Haller, Michel Y. & Amstad, Dominik & Dudita, Mihaela & Englert, Alexander & Häberle, Andreas, 2021. "Combined heat and power production based on renewable aluminium-water reaction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 879-893.
    9. Yang, Weijuan & Zhang, Tianyou & Liu, Jianzhong & Wang, Zhihua & Zhou, Junhu & Cen, Kefa, 2015. "Experimental researches on hydrogen generation by aluminum with adding lithium at high temperature," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 451-457.
    10. Liu, Yongan & Wang, Xinhua & Liu, Haizhen & Dong, Zhaohui & Li, Shouquan & Ge, Hongwei & Yan, Mi, 2014. "Improved hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of aluminum ball milled with hydride," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 421-426.
    11. Zhang, Houcheng & Lin, Guoxing & Chen, Jincan, 2011. "The performance analysis and multi-objective optimization of a typical alkaline fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4327-4332.
    12. Pudukudy, Manoj & Yaakob, Zahira & Mohammad, Masita & Narayanan, Binitha & Sopian, Kamaruzzaman, 2014. "Renewable hydrogen economy in Asia – Opportunities and challenges: An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 743-757.
    13. Chai, Y.J. & Dong, Y.M. & Meng, H.X. & Jia, Y.Y. & Shen, J. & Huang, Y.M. & Wang, N., 2014. "Hydrogen generation by aluminum corrosion in cobalt (II) chloride and nickel (II) chloride aqueous solution," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 204-209.
    14. Xiao, Fei & Guo, Yanpei & Li, Jianmin & Yang, Rongjie, 2018. "Hydrogen generation from hydrolysis of activated aluminum composites in tap water," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 608-614.
    15. Liang, J. & Gao, L.J. & Miao, N.N. & Chai, Y.J. & Wang, N. & Song, X.Q., 2016. "Hydrogen generation by reaction of Al–M (M = Fe,Co,Ni) with water," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 282-287.
    16. Yang, Weijuan & Zhang, Tianyou & Zhou, Junhu & Shi, Wei & Liu, Jianzhong & Cen, Kefa, 2015. "Experimental study on the effect of low melting point metal additives on hydrogen production in the aluminum–water reaction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 537-543.
    17. Wang, Hongqi & Wang, Zhi & Shi, Zhihao & Gong, Xuzhong & Cao, Jianwei & Wang, Mingyong, 2017. "Facile hydrogen production from Al-water reaction promoted by choline hydroxide," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 98-105.
    18. Liu, Yongan & Wang, Xinhua & Liu, Haizhen & Dong, Zhaohui & Li, Shouquan & Ge, Hongwei & Yan, Mi, 2015. "Investigation on the improved hydrolysis of aluminum–calcium hydride-salt mixture elaborated by ball milling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 714-721.
    19. Wu, Liang & He, Yuehui & Lei, Ting & Nan, Bo & Xu, Nanping & Zou, Jin & Huang, Baiyun & Liu, C.T., 2013. "Characterization of the porous Ni3Al–Mo electrodes during hydrogen generation from alkaline water electrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 216-224.

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