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Integrated appraisal of a Solar Hot Water system

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  • Allen, S.R.
  • Hammond, G.P.
  • Harajli, H.A.
  • McManus, M.C.
  • Winnett, A.B.

Abstract

An ‘integrated appraisal’ of a solar hot water (SHW) system in the UK residential sector was carried out to assess its overall energetic, environmental and economic performance. The energy analysis indicates that when displacing a gas boiler, oil boiler, or electrical immersion heater, the SHW system would provide a net energy benefit for the majority of its estimated 25year lifetime, thus enhancing energy security by reducing the use of, and dependence upon, conventional energy resources (mainly fossil fuels). A life cycle assessment was carried out to determine a range of environmental implications of installing and using the SHW system. It was shown that the use of aluminium has the greatest impact within the production of the system. During its use, the SHW provides the largest environmental externality benefits when displacing electricity. The economic assessment indicates that the SHW system is currently uncompetitive given the negative net present values of the various scenarios assessed. This outcome included the internalisation of the social costs of carbon. There are, however, future prospects for reduced capital costs that may significantly improve the economic performance of the system.

Suggested Citation

  • Allen, S.R. & Hammond, G.P. & Harajli, H.A. & McManus, M.C. & Winnett, A.B., 2010. "Integrated appraisal of a Solar Hot Water system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1351-1362.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:35:y:2010:i:3:p:1351-1362
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2009.11.018
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    1. Allen, S.R. & Hammond, G.P. & McManus, M.C., 2008. "Prospects for and barriers to domestic micro-generation: A United Kingdom perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(6), pages 528-544, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mondol, Jayanta Deb & Smyth, Mervyn & Zacharopoulos, Aggelos, 2011. "Experimental characterisation of a novel heat exchanger for a solar hot water application under indoor and outdoor conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 1766-1779.
    2. Yurtsev, Arif & Jenkins, Glenn P., 2016. "Cost-effectiveness analysis of alternative water heater systems operating with unreliable water supplies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 174-183.
    3. Sabiha, M.A. & Saidur, R. & Mekhilef, Saad & Mahian, Omid, 2015. "Progress and latest developments of evacuated tube solar collectors," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1038-1054.
    4. Carnevale, E. & Lombardi, L. & Zanchi, L., 2014. "Life Cycle Assessment of solar energy systems: Comparison of photovoltaic and water thermal heater at domestic scale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 434-446.
    5. Al-Badi, A.H. & Albadi, M.H., 2012. "Domestic solar water heating system in Oman: Current status and future prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5727-5731.
    6. Rout, Auroshis & Sahoo, Sudhansu S. & Thomas, Sanju, 2018. "Risk modeling of domestic solar water heater using Monte Carlo simulation for east-coastal region of India," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 548-556.
    7. Lamnatou, Chr. & Chemisana, D. & Mateus, R. & Almeida, M.G. & Silva, S.M., 2015. "Review and perspectives on Life Cycle Analysis of solar technologies with emphasis on building-integrated solar thermal systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 833-846.
    8. Arif Yurtsev & Glenn P Jenkins, 2016. "An economic analysis of policies for promoting economically efficient water heater systems operating under seasonal climatic conditions," Energy & Environment, , vol. 27(2), pages 227-240, March.
    9. Rogers, J.G. & Cooper, S.J.G. & O’Grady, Á. & McManus, M.C. & Howard, H.R. & Hammond, G.P., 2015. "The 20% house – An integrated assessment of options for reducing net carbon emissions from existing UK houses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 108-120.
    10. Jia, Teng & Dai, Yanjun & Wang, Ruzhu, 2018. "Refining energy sources in winemaking industry by using solar energy as alternatives for fossil fuels: A review and perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 278-296.
    11. Cassard, Hannah & Denholm, Paul & Ong, Sean, 2011. "Technical and economic performance of residential solar water heating in the United States," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3789-3800.
    12. Farzaneh-Gord, M. & Arabkoohsar, A. & Deymi Dasht-bayaz, M. & Farzaneh-Kord, V., 2012. "Feasibility of accompanying uncontrolled linear heater with solar system in natural gas pressure drop stations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 420-428.
    13. Geoffrey P. Hammond & Adam A. Titley, 2022. "Small-Scale Combined Heat and Power Systems: The Prospects for a Distributed Micro-Generator in the ‘Net-Zero’ Transition within the UK," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-32, August.
    14. Mostafaeipour, Ali & Zarezade, Marjan & Goudarzi, Hossein & Rezaei-Shouroki, Mostafa & Qolipour, Mojtaba, 2017. "Investigating the factors on using the solar water heaters for dry arid regions: A case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 157-166.
    15. Singh, Ramkishore & Lazarus, Ian J. & Souliotis, Manolis, 2016. "Recent developments in integrated collector storage (ICS) solar water heaters: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 270-298.
    16. Bahria, Sofiane & Amirat, Madjid & Hamidat, Abderrahmen & El Ganaoui, Mohammed & El Amine Slimani, Mohamed, 2016. "Parametric study of solar heating and cooling systems in different climates of Algeria – A comparison between conventional and high-energy-performance buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 521-535.
    17. Qiu, Shoufeng & Ruth, Matthias & Ghosh, Sanchari, 2015. "Evacuated tube collectors: A notable driver behind the solar water heater industry in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 580-588.
    18. Greening, Benjamin & Azapagic, Adisa, 2014. "Domestic solar thermal water heating: A sustainable option for the UK?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 23-36.
    19. Ayompe, L.M. & Duffy, A. & Mc Keever, M. & Conlon, M. & McCormack, S.J., 2011. "Comparative field performance study of flat plate and heat pipe evacuated tube collectors (ETCs) for domestic water heating systems in a temperate climate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 3370-3378.
    20. Harajli, H. & Kabakian, V. & El-Baba, J. & Diab, A. & Nassab, C., 2020. "Commercial-scale hybrid solar photovoltaic - diesel systems in select Arab countries with weak grids: An integrated appraisal," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    21. Lamnatou, Chr. & Mondol, J.D. & Chemisana, D. & Maurer, C., 2015. "Modelling and simulation of Building-Integrated solar thermal systems: Behaviour of the coupled building/system configuration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 178-191.
    22. Bazilian, Morgan & Rogner, Holger & Howells, Mark & Hermann, Sebastian & Arent, Douglas & Gielen, Dolf & Steduto, Pasquale & Mueller, Alexander & Komor, Paul & Tol, Richard S.J. & Yumkella, Kandeh K., 2011. "Considering the energy, water and food nexus: Towards an integrated modelling approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 7896-7906.

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