Application of acetylene in multi-cylinder low heat rejection diesel engine fueled with ternary blend

The depletion of fossil fuels and environmental degradation have driven researchers worldwide to seek suitable alternative fuels for diesel engines. Internal combustion engines typically emit carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and smoke, contributing to environmental pollution. To address this issue, petroleum fuels can be substituted with alternative options like acetylene gas, hydrogen, CNG, or LPG. One effective strategy is to incorporate renewable fuels into diesel engines by partially or fully replacing diesel in a dual fuel mode (DFM). This research focuses on alternative renewable fuels for diesel engines like biodiesel and alcohol and its blends. The current research investigates the engine characteristics of diesel engines fueled with ternary blend (TB) fuel and different flow rates of acetylene in DFM. TB fuel was prepared using 70 % diesel, 20 % waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB), and 10 % methanol by volume. The induction of acetylene at different flow rates, such as 2, 4, and 6 lpm. Waste cooking oil is used to prepare biodiesel by transesterification. Partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) is used to coat the cylinder head, piston crown, inlet, and exhaust valves with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The HC, CO, and smoke emissions are decreased by about 35.7 %, 29.8 %, and 21.6 %, respectively, for TB fuel with acetylene at 6 lpm at full load condition. The high calorific value of acetylene gas raised the in-cylinder temperature, significantly accelerating the combustion process. The heat release rate (HRR) and cylinder pressure are increased by 9.8 % and 6.8 %, respectively, at TB fuel with 6 lpm of acetylene induction. Acetylene induces rapid fuel combustion, resulting in increased energy transfer. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is improved by about 10.3 % for TB fuel with acetylene at 6 lpm and exhaust gas temperature (EGT) increased to 461oC at full load condition.