IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v299y2024ics0360544224011575.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Off-design operation of supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle arranged with single and multiple turbomachinery shafts for lead-cooled fast reactor

Author

Listed:
  • Zhou, Yujia
  • Zhang, Yifan
  • Li, Hongzhi
  • Li, Kailun
  • Yang, Yu
  • Sun, Shan
  • Wu, Shuaishuai

Abstract

The lead-cooled fast reactor (LFR) engenders novel requisites for the energy conversion system when applied to maritime ships and distributed energy supply systems. The supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) Brayton cycle, with the advantages of high efficiency, space-saving, simplicity, and flexibility, is a promising candidate for LFR. Here, we present the first study on the off-design operation of the sCO2 cycle for LFR, with the turbine and compressor arranged on a single shaft (coaxial-shaft) or two shafts (split-shaft). The off-design performances of the system are investigated using four rotational speed (RS) control-based hybrid control strategies. We showed that the split-shaft system controlled by separate turbine speed and compressor speed has a wider operating space of power load than the coaxial-shaft system. Among the four investigated control strategies, the RS-inventory hybrid control can achieve the best thermal efficiency during load variation by operating at the turbine speed and mass flow rate corresponding to the optimal turbine isentropic efficiency. The maximum operating space of power load (0%–100 %) can be achieved by the RS-turbine inlet pressure hybrid control and the RS-bypass hybrid control. Our study can provide guidance for the flexible and safe part-load operation for small-scale modular Gen-IV nuclear reactors.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Yujia & Zhang, Yifan & Li, Hongzhi & Li, Kailun & Yang, Yu & Sun, Shan & Wu, Shuaishuai, 2024. "Off-design operation of supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle arranged with single and multiple turbomachinery shafts for lead-cooled fast reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:299:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224011575
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.131384
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544224011575
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131384?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Li, Ming-Jia & Xu, Jin-Liang & Cao, Feng & Guo, Jia-Qi & Tong, Zi-Xiang & Zhu, Han-Hui, 2019. "The investigation of thermo-economic performance and conceptual design for the miniaturized lead-cooled fast reactor composing supercritical CO2 power cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 174-195.
    2. Li, Hongzhi & Zhang, Yifan & Yao, Mingyu & Yang, Yu & Han, Wanlong & Bai, Wengang, 2019. "Design assessment of a 5 MW fossil-fired supercritical CO2 power cycle pilot loop," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 792-804.
    3. Zhang, Yifan & Li, Hongzhi & Li, Kailun & Yang, Yu & Zhou, Yujia & Zhang, Xuwei & Xu, Ruina & Zhuge, Weilin & Lei, Xianliang & Dan, Guangju, 2022. "Dynamic characteristics and control strategies of the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle tailored for the new generation concentrating solar power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    4. Fan, Gang & Du, Yang & Li, Hang & Dai, Yiping, 2021. "Off-design behavior investigation of the combined supercritical CO2 and organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    5. Du, Yadong & Yang, Ce & Zhao, Ben & Gao, Jianbing & Hu, Chenxing & Zhang, Hanzhi & Zhao, Wei, 2022. "Dynamic characteristics of a recompression supercritical CO2 cycle against variable operating conditions and temperature fluctuations of reactor outlet coolant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    6. Iverson, Brian D. & Conboy, Thomas M. & Pasch, James J. & Kruizenga, Alan M., 2013. "Supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles for solar-thermal energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 957-970.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhao, Bingtao & Yao, Jiacheng & Su, Yaxin, 2023. "Performance response to operating-load fluctuations for Sub-megawatt-scale recuperated supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles: Characteristics and improvement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 686-693.
    2. Zhang, Yifan & Li, Hongzhi & Li, Kailun & Yang, Yu & Zhou, Yujia & Zhang, Xuwei & Xu, Ruina & Zhuge, Weilin & Lei, Xianliang & Dan, Guangju, 2022. "Dynamic characteristics and control strategies of the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle tailored for the new generation concentrating solar power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    3. Cao, Yue & Zhan, Jun & Jia, Boqing & Chen, Ranjing & Si, Fengqi, 2023. "Optimum design of bivariate operation strategy for a supercritical/ transcritical CO2 hybrid waste heat recovery system driven by gas turbine exhaust," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    4. Qin, Lei & Xie, Gongnan & Ma, Yuan & Li, Shulei, 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis and multi-objective optimization of a waste heat recovery system with a combined supercritical/transcritical CO2 cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    5. Du, Yadong & Yang, Ce & Zhao, Ben & Gao, Jianbing & Hu, Chenxing & Zhang, Hanzhi & Zhao, Wei, 2022. "Dynamic characteristics of a recompression supercritical CO2 cycle against variable operating conditions and temperature fluctuations of reactor outlet coolant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    6. Uusitalo, Antti & Turunen-Saaresti, Teemu & Grönman, Aki, 2021. "Design and loss analysis of radial turbines for supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    7. Penkuhn, Mathias & Tsatsaronis, George, 2020. "Systematic evaluation of efficiency improvement options for sCO2 Brayton cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    8. Guo, Jiangfeng, 2016. "Design analysis of supercritical carbon dioxide recuperator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 21-27.
    9. Ma, Ning & Meng, Fugui & Hong, Wenpeng & Li, Haoran & Niu, Xiaojuan, 2023. "Thermodynamic assessment of the dry-cooling supercritical Brayton cycle in a direct-heated solar power tower plant enabled by CO2-propane mixture," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 649-663.
    10. Brian T. White & Michael J. Wagner & Ty Neises & Cory Stansbury & Ben Lindley, 2021. "Modeling of Combined Lead Fast Reactor and Concentrating Solar Power Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycles to Demonstrate Feasibility, Efficiency Gains, and Cost Reductions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-24, November.
    11. Wang, Xiaohe & Liu, Qibin & Bai, Zhang & Lei, Jing & Jin, Hongguang, 2018. "Thermodynamic investigations of the supercritical CO2 system with solar energy and biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 108-118.
    12. Kim, Min Seok & Ahn, Yoonhan & Kim, Beomjoo & Lee, Jeong Ik, 2016. "Study on the supercritical CO2 power cycles for landfill gas firing gas turbine bottoming cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 893-909.
    13. Wang, Shengpeng & Zhang, Yifan & Li, Hongzhi & Yao, Mingyu & Peng, Botao & Yan, Junjie, 2020. "Thermohydrodynamic analysis of the vertical gas wall and reheat gas wall in a 300 MW supercritical CO2 boiler," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    14. Wang, Kun & He, Ya-Ling & Zhu, Han-Hui, 2017. "Integration between supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles and molten salt solar power towers: A review and a comprehensive comparison of different cycle layouts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 819-836.
    15. Ma, Teng & Li, Ming-Jia & Xu, Jin-Liang & Cao, Feng, 2019. "Thermodynamic analysis and performance prediction on dynamic response characteristic of PCHE in 1000 MW S-CO2 coal fired power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 123-138.
    16. Li, Zhi & Wang, Lei & Jiang, Ruicheng & Wang, Bingzheng & Yu, Xiaonan & Huang, Rui & Yu, Xiaoli, 2022. "Experimental investigations on dynamic performance of organic Rankine cycle integrated with latent thermal energy storage under transient engine conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    17. Arias, I. & Cardemil, J. & Zarza, E. & Valenzuela, L. & Escobar, R., 2022. "Latest developments, assessments and research trends for next generation of concentrated solar power plants using liquid heat transfer fluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    18. Ephraim Bonah Agyekum & Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Festus Victor Bekun & Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & Manoj Kumar Panjwani, 2021. "Effect of Two Different Heat Transfer Fluids on the Performance of Solar Tower CSP by Comparing Recompression Supercritical CO 2 and Rankine Power Cycles, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, June.
    19. Zhao, Yongming & Zhao, Lifeng & Wang, Bo & Zhang, Shijie & Chi, Jinling & Xiao, Yunhan, 2018. "Thermodynamic analysis of a novel dual expansion coal-fueled direct-fired supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 480-495.
    20. Li, Hongzhi & Zhang, Yifan & Yao, Mingyu & Yang, Yu & Han, Wanlong & Bai, Wengang, 2019. "Design assessment of a 5 MW fossil-fired supercritical CO2 power cycle pilot loop," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 792-804.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:299:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224011575. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.