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Torrefaction pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for sustainable solid biofuel production

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  • Ivanovski, Maja
  • Goricanec, Darko
  • Krope, Jurij
  • Urbancl, Danijela

Abstract

Torrefaction can upgrade the properties of biomass by reducing its oxygen content. In this study, the effects of torrefaction pretreatment on four different lignocellulosic biomass materials at three different temperatures (200 °C, 250 °C, and 300 °C) were studied using a Bosio EUP 6/1200 electric furnace. The results of proximate and ultimate analyses showed that the oxygen content is reduced with a higher torrefaction temperature, while the heating values increased, with 260 °C being the optimal temperature for the process. Among the torrefied products, oak waste wood (OWW, torrefied at 200 °C) had the highest solid yield, 93.2%, while the energy yield was 95.7%, fixed carbon (FC) content 11.8%, volatile matter (VM) content 80.9%, ash content 0.8%, and HHV 19.1 MJ/kg. The TGA/DTG experiments confirmed typical thermal properties for all lignocellulosic biomaterials, while the FTIR and XRD patterns for miscanthus and OWW indicate that the molecular chains of cellulose are broken (damaged) at temperatures higher than 300 °C. Porous ovals were observed at all temperatures in all biomass materials using SEM. SEM images showed that at higher temperatures the ovals started to crack, leading to materials with better grindability than the raw materials. Therefore, we conclude that solid biofuels with properties similar to coal can be produced with torrefaction.

Suggested Citation

  • Ivanovski, Maja & Goricanec, Darko & Krope, Jurij & Urbancl, Danijela, 2022. "Torrefaction pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for sustainable solid biofuel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:240:y:2022:i:c:s0360544221027328
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.122483
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    5. Antonios Nazos & Dorothea Politi & Georgios Giakoumakis & Dimitrios Sidiras, 2022. "Simulation and Optimization of Lignocellulosic Biomass Wet- and Dry-Torrefaction Process for Energy, Fuels and Materials Production: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-35, November.
    6. Abdulyekeen, Kabir Abogunde & Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan & Patah, Muhamad Fazly Abdul, 2024. "Torrefaction of wood and garden wastes from municipal solid waste to enhanced solid fuel using helical screw rotation-induced fluidised bed reactor: Effect of particle size, helical screw speed and te," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    7. Šantl, Neža & Stergar, Janja & Bozicko, Matevz & Goričanec, Darko & Urbancl, Danijela & Petrovič, Aleksandra, 2024. "The utilisation of thermally treated poultry farm waste for energy recovery and soil application," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
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