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Experimental verification of a flexible vehicle-to-grid charger for power grid load variance reduction

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  • Tan, Kang Miao
  • Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K.
  • Yong, Jia Ying
  • Tariq, Mohd

Abstract

This study designed a Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) charger consisting of a three-phase AC/DC converter and a DC/DC buck-boost converter with various charger functions, such as charging/discharging, power factor and DC-link voltage controls. The highlight of this charger is its flexibility to accurately control the charging/discharging power of the Electric Vehicle (EV) battery to match the power grid reference targets to achieve a reduction of grid load variance. Moreover, the power factor control was employed to improve the overall charger efficiency through unity power factor operation. Meanwhile, the adopted DC-link voltage control smoothens the charging/discharging power transfer between the AC/DC and DC/DC converters. The control strategies of the proposed charger were successfully implemented via a double-layer PID controller. For practical validation purposes, a 1 kVA V2G charger prototype was constructed whereby the proposed control strategies were coded using the eZDSPF28335 development board. The experimental results revealed that the V2G charger prototype effectively managed the charging/discharging power of the EV battery to achieve a reduction in grid load variance through load leveling and peak load shaving operations. Moreover, the proposed control strategies prevented over-charging/discharging of the EV battery apart from regulating the DC-link voltage and maintaining the charger operation at unity power factor.

Suggested Citation

  • Tan, Kang Miao & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Yong, Jia Ying & Tariq, Mohd, 2021. "Experimental verification of a flexible vehicle-to-grid charger for power grid load variance reduction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:228:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221008094
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120560
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Çelik, Doğan & Meral, Mehmet Emin, 2022. "A coordinated virtual impedance control scheme for three phase four leg inverters of electric vehicle to grid (V2G)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    3. Tan, Kang Miao & Yong, Jia Ying & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Mansor, Muhamad & Teh, Jiashen & Guerrero, Josep M., 2023. "Factors influencing global transportation electrification: Comparative analysis of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    4. Velaz-Acera, Néstor & Álvarez-García, Javier & Borge-Diez, David, 2023. "Economic and emission reduction benefits of the implementation of eVTOL aircraft with bi-directional flow as storage systems in islands and case study for Canary Islands," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    5. Taler, Dawid & Sobota, Tomasz & Jaremkiewicz, Magdalena & Taler, Jan, 2022. "Control of the temperature in the hot liquid tank by using a digital PID controller considering the random errors of the thermometer indications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    6. Amjad, Muhammad & Farooq-i-Azam, Muhammad & Ni, Qiang & Dong, Mianxiong & Ansari, Ejaz Ahmad, 2022. "Wireless charging systems for electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    7. Rahman, Md Mustafizur & Gemechu, Eskinder & Oni, Abayomi Olufemi & Kumar, Amit, 2023. "The development of a techno-economic model for assessment of cost of energy storage for vehicle-to-grid applications in a cold climate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    8. Shang, Yitong & Yu, Hang & Niu, Songyan & Shao, Ziyun & Jian, Linni, 2021. "Cyber-physical co-modeling and optimal energy dispatching within internet of smart charging points for vehicle-to-grid operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).

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