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An investigation on electrical and thermal characteristics of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries at low temperatures

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  • Wu, Hongfei
  • Zhang, Xingjuan
  • Cao, Renfeng
  • Yang, Chunxin

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries suffer severe performance degradation and exhibit highly nonlinear characteristics under low-temperature environments. Determining the electrical and thermal characteristics is of significant in battery thermal management optimization and electrochemical energy utilization. In this study, the effects of various ambient temperatures and different discharge currents on electro-thermal behaviors are experimentally investigated, and various parameters, as functions of the depth of discharge, are comprehensively analyzed. The results indicate that decreasing the lithium-ion activity and the amount of useable active material and increasing the resistance lead to performance deterioration at low temperatures. The ohmic resistance shows slight deviations in the middle stage of discharge, and the polarization resistance gradually increases and provides the largest contribution to the total resistance as the battery discharge progresses. The irreversible heat generation caused by the internal resistance can be regarded as the sole heat source, to simplify the battery thermal model in certain cases. However, as the temperature increases and discharge current decreases, the reversible heat increases and can no longer be ignored. Finally, a lumped-parameter method is employed to derive the battery temperature. The calculated temperature variation agrees well with the experimental results, thus proving the effectiveness of the measurement.

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  • Wu, Hongfei & Zhang, Xingjuan & Cao, Renfeng & Yang, Chunxin, 2021. "An investigation on electrical and thermal characteristics of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries at low temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:225:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221004722
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120223
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    3. Ren, Ruyang & Zhao, Yaohua & Diao, Yanhua & Liang, Lin, 2022. "Experimental study on preheating thermal management system for lithium-ion battery based on U-shaped micro heat pipe array," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    4. Huang, Deyang & Chen, Ziqiang & Zhou, Shiyao, 2022. "Self-powered heating strategy for lithium-ion battery pack applied in extremely cold climates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    5. Morali, Ugur, 2022. "A numerical and statistical implementation of a thermal model for a lithium-ion battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    6. Wan, Hongri & Shen, Xiran & Jiang, Hao & Zhang, Cheng & Jiang, Kaile & Chen, Teng & Shi, Liluo & Dong, Liming & He, Changchun & Xu, Yan & Li, Jing & Chen, Yan, 2021. "Biomass-derived N/S dual-doped porous hard-carbon as high-capacity anodes for lithium/sodium ions batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    7. Mina Naguib & Aashit Rathore & Nathan Emery & Shiva Ghasemi & Ryan Ahmed, 2023. "Robust Electro-Thermal Modeling of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electrified Vehicles Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-20, August.
    8. Yong Zhu & Mingyi Liu & Lin Wang & Jianxing Wang, 2022. "Potential Failure Prediction of Lithium-ion Battery Energy Storage System by Isolation Density Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-14, June.

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