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Development of a novel composite inhibitor modified with proanthocyanidins and mixed with ammonium polyphosphate

Author

Listed:
  • Xue, Di
  • Hu, Xiangming
  • Cheng, Weimin
  • Yu, Xiaoxiao
  • Wu, Mingyue
  • Zhao, Yanyun
  • Lu, Yi
  • Pan, Rongkun
  • Niu, Huiyong
  • Hu, Shengyong

Abstract

Considering drawbacks such as the low inhibition efficiency and short inhibition life of an existing single physical and chemical inhibitor, a novel composite inhibitor (SAP-OPC-APP hydrogel) was developed. First, oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) radicals were grafted and polymerized onto acrylic acid/sodium acrylate and then mixed with APP (ammonium polyphosphate). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), free radical concentration analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were adopted to analyze the inhibiting effect and mechanism of SAP-OPC-APP hydrogel. Research indicates that: (1) the added OPC reduced the number of easily-oxidized functional groups in coal: hydroxyl (-OH), methyl (-CH3), and methylene (–CH2–) and increased the number of stable ether bonds (C–O–C); (2) after treatment with SAP-OPC-APP gel, the coal sample had a 62.83% reduction in heat release, 6.00% reduction in free radical concentration, and 13.93% enhancement of activation energy; (3) the graft co-polymerization of OPC with acrylate will increase the contact area between the grafted hydrogels and the surroundings, thus improving the water absorption capability of the hydrogel; Hence, irrespective of physical, chemical, and thermal stability aspects, the composite inhibitor manifested stable inhibitory effects during the entire process of spontaneous combustion of coal.

Suggested Citation

  • Xue, Di & Hu, Xiangming & Cheng, Weimin & Yu, Xiaoxiao & Wu, Mingyue & Zhao, Yanyun & Lu, Yi & Pan, Rongkun & Niu, Huiyong & Hu, Shengyong, 2020. "Development of a novel composite inhibitor modified with proanthocyanidins and mixed with ammonium polyphosphate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:213:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220320089
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118901
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xuyao Qi & Cunxiang Wei & Qizhong Li & Libin Zhang, 2016. "Controlled-release inhibitor for preventing the spontaneous combustion of coal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 82(2), pages 891-901, June.
    2. Jun Deng & Yang Xiao & Junhui Lu & Hu Wen & Yongfei Jin, 2015. "Application of composite fly ash gel to extinguish outcrop coal fires in China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 79(2), pages 881-898, November.
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