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Operating conditions to maximize clean liquid fuels yield by oligomerization of 1-butene on HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts

Author

Listed:
  • Díaz, Marta
  • Epelde, Eva
  • Tabernilla, Zuria
  • Ateka, Ainara
  • Aguayo, Andrés T.
  • Bilbao, Javier

Abstract

The effect of operating conditions has been extensively studied for the selective oligomerization of 1-butene to clean synthetic liquid fuels. HZSM-5 zeolite (SiO2/Al2O3 ratio = 30–280) based catalysts provided with a hierarchical porous structure have been tested in a fixed bed reactor under the following conditions: 175–325 °C; 1.5–40 bar; space time, 0.5–6 gcatalyst·h molC−1. Special attention has been paid to individual and lumped gaseous and liquid product distribution (which have been characterized by gas chromatography, GC × GC/MS and simulated distillation), as well as to catalyst stability, by performing long duration experiments (20 h). An optimum region to maximize both naphtha (C5-11, >40%), and diesel (C12-20, >20%) yields has been established at 250–275 °C and 30 bar for space time values of 2–4 gcatalyst h molC−1. Furthermore, the catalysts have tended to a pseudo-stationary deactivation state after 5 h on stream, where the coke deposited on the spent catalysts is mainly composed of adsorbed bulky oligomers (determined by TPD-N2), with low coke contents ∼1.0–1.5 wt% (determined by TPO).

Suggested Citation

  • Díaz, Marta & Epelde, Eva & Tabernilla, Zuria & Ateka, Ainara & Aguayo, Andrés T. & Bilbao, Javier, 2020. "Operating conditions to maximize clean liquid fuels yield by oligomerization of 1-butene on HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:207:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220314249
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118317
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Szklo, Alexandre & Schaeffer, Roberto, 2007. "Fuel specification, energy consumption and CO2 emission in oil refineries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 1075-1092.
    2. Silva, Andreia F. & Fernandes, Auguste & Antunes, Margarida M. & Ribeiro, Maria F. & Silva, Carlos M. & Valente, Anabela A., 2019. "Olefin oligomerisation over nanocrystalline MFI-based micro/mesoporous zeotypes synthesised via bottom-up approaches," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 820-832.
    3. Ong, Yee Kang & Bhatia, Subhash, 2010. "The current status and perspectives of biofuel production via catalytic cracking of edible and non-edible oils," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 111-119.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Rui & He, Yuting & Luo, Yuehui & Lou, DanFeng & Zhu, Rui & Zhu, Can & Li, Quanxin, 2023. "Selective preparation of jet fuels from low carbon alcohols and ABE at atmospheric pressure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    2. Tabernilla, Zuria & Ateka, Ainara & Bilbao, Javier & Aguayo, Andrés T. & Epelde, Eva, 2023. "Performance of HZSM-5 agglomerated in a mesoporous matrix in the fuel production from ethylene at atmospheric pressure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).

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