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A frequency control strategy of electric vehicles in microgrid using virtual synchronous generator control

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  • Li, Pengfei
  • Hu, Weihao
  • Xu, Xiao
  • Huang, Qi
  • Liu, Zhou
  • Chen, Zhe

Abstract

In recent years, with the increase in energy resource penetration into power systems, more technical requirements regarding the frequency control capability of renewable energy have become required. Plug-in electrical vehicles (PEVs) have become increasingly commercialized, and vehicle-to-grid technology has received extensive attention. This paper proposes a novel frequency control strategy for EVs to participate in the primary and secondary frequency regulations of microgrids. Virtual inertia and virtual damping are introduced using a virtual synchronous generator through AC/DC control. Thus, the charging/discharging device has the characteristics of inertia and damping, which are similar to those of a synchronous generator. According to the droop characteristic of an EV’s charging frequency, the designed auxiliary frequency regulation method can be used to calculate the power adjustment to change the reference value of the EV’s charging/discharging power, allowing the EV to participate in the frequency regulation of a microgrid. The models and connected microgrid were established using MATLAB/Simulink software, and the proposed control strategy was tested. The proposed frequency control strategy can provide virtual inertia, damping, and frequency support; improve the dynamic stability; and realize an effective frequency regulation when the microgrid works in an independent operational mode.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Pengfei & Hu, Weihao & Xu, Xiao & Huang, Qi & Liu, Zhou & Chen, Zhe, 2019. "A frequency control strategy of electric vehicles in microgrid using virtual synchronous generator control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:189:y:2019:i:c:s0360544219320845
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116389
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    2. Yuxin Wen & Peixiao Fan & Jia Hu & Song Ke & Fuzhang Wu & Xu Zhu, 2022. "An Optimal Scheduling Strategy of a Microgrid with V2G Based on Deep Q-Learning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Xiu, Liancheng & Du, Zhiye & Wu, BinBing & Li, Guanjun & Wang, Dongjie & Song, Hanliang, 2021. "A novel adaptive frequency extraction method for fast and accurate connection between inverters and microgrids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    4. Xing, Wei & Wang, Hewu & Lu, Languang & Han, Xuebing & Sun, Kai & Ouyang, Minggao, 2021. "An adaptive virtual inertia control strategy for distributed battery energy storage system in microgrids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    5. Rao, Yingqing & Yang, Jun & Xiao, Jinxing & Xu, Bingyan & Liu, Wenjing & Li, Yonghui, 2021. "A frequency control strategy for multimicrogrids with V2G based on the improved robust model predictive control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    6. Mousavizade, Mirsaeed & Bai, Feifei & Garmabdari, Rasoul & Sanjari, Mohammad & Taghizadeh, Foad & Mahmoudian, Ali & Lu, Junwei, 2023. "Adaptive control of V2Gs in islanded microgrids incorporating EV owner expectations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    7. Géremi Gilson Dranka & Paula Ferreira, 2020. "Electric Vehicles and Biofuels Synergies in the Brazilian Energy System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-22, August.
    8. Adlan Pradana & Mejbaul Haque & Mithulanathan Nadarajah, 2023. "Control Strategies of Electric Vehicles Participating in Ancillary Services: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-36, February.
    9. Faris Adnan Padhilah & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2021. "A Centralized Power Flow Control Scheme of EV-Connected DC Microgrid to Satisfy Multi-Objective Problems under Several Constraints," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-37, August.
    10. Gao, Yan & Jiang, Chen & Yu, Dahai & Ahmad, Maiwand, 2023. "A novel electric differential and synchronization control method for 4WD/4WS electric vehicles based on fictitious master," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    11. Yeong Yoo & Yousef Al-Shawesh & Alain Tchagang, 2021. "Coordinated Control Strategy and Validation of Vehicle-to-Grid for Frequency Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-23, April.
    12. Myada Shadoul & Razzaqul Ahshan & Rashid S. AlAbri & Abdullah Al-Badi & Mohammed Albadi & Mohsin Jamil, 2022. "A Comprehensive Review on a Virtual-Synchronous Generator: Topologies, Control Orders and Techniques, Energy Storages, and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-27, November.

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