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TiO2/water-based photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collector: Novel theoretical approach

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  • Fudholi, Ahmad
  • Razali, Nur Farhana Mohd
  • Yazdi, Mohammad H.
  • Ibrahim, Adnan
  • Ruslan, Mohd Hafidz
  • Othman, Mohd Yusof
  • Sopian, Kamaruzzaman

Abstract

Nanofluids, which are new generation cooling fluids, have been found to improve the heat transfer coefficient and enhance the system performance in recent years. In this observation, TiO2/water nanofluid (with 0.5 wt% and 1 wt% TiO2) is used as a coolant to investigate the photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collector under solar radiation intensities of 500, 700 and 900 W/m2 and mass flow rates ranging from 0.012 kg/s to 0.0255 kg/s. At high solar radiation, the thermal energy efficiency is high but is inversely proportional to the electrical energy efficiency due to the increment in PV surface temperature. The energy efficiency of 1 wt% TiO2 nanofluid-based PVT collector is 85%–89% compared with 60%–76% of water-based collector at 0.0255 kg/s. The improvement in exergy efficiency of 1.0 wt% TiO2 is 6.02% compared with that of water-based collector at the mass flow rate of 0.0255 kg/s. In addition, a new theoretical approach model is developed to compare the theoretical and experimental results of the TiO2/water nanofluid-based PVT collector. Considerably close agreement between the new theoretical approaches and experimental is obtained with an accuracy of 97.6%–99.2%.

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  • Fudholi, Ahmad & Razali, Nur Farhana Mohd & Yazdi, Mohammad H. & Ibrahim, Adnan & Ruslan, Mohd Hafidz & Othman, Mohd Yusof & Sopian, Kamaruzzaman, 2019. "TiO2/water-based photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collector: Novel theoretical approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 305-314.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:183:y:2019:i:c:p:305-314
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.143
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