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Excess heat from kraft pulp mills: Trade-offs between internal and external use in the case of Sweden--Part 1: Methodology

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  • Svensson, Inger-Lise
  • Jönsson, Johanna
  • Berntsson, Thore
  • Moshfegh, Bahram

Abstract

Excess heat from a kraft pulp mill can be used either internally to increase the level of efficiency in the mill, or externally for example as district heating. This paper presents an approach to investigate the competition between external and internal use through modelling the pulp mill and an energy company (ECO) within the same system boundary. Three different sizes of ECOs with different district heating demands are studied. To investigate the competitiveness of using industrial excess heat as district heating compared with other heat production techniques, the option of investing in excess heat use is introduced, along with the possibility for the ECO to invest in biomass combined heat and power (CHP), waste CHP and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC). To evaluate the robustness of the model, alternative solutions are identified and will be used as a comparison to the optimal solutions. The model has been verified by comparing the results with previous studies concerning kraft pulp mills and with related studies regarding district heating and real ECOs. Finally, the approach presented in this part of the study will be used in the second part in order to investigate the trade-off between internal and external use of excess heat under different future energy market scenarios.

Suggested Citation

  • Svensson, Inger-Lise & Jönsson, Johanna & Berntsson, Thore & Moshfegh, Bahram, 2008. "Excess heat from kraft pulp mills: Trade-offs between internal and external use in the case of Sweden--Part 1: Methodology," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 4178-4185, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:36:y:2008:i:11:p:4178-4185
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    1. Jönsson, Johanna & Svensson, Inger-Lise & Berntsson, Thore & Moshfegh, Bahram, 2008. "Excess heat from kraft pulp mills: Trade-offs between internal and external use in the case of Sweden--Part 2: Results for future energy market scenarios," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 4186-4197, November.
    2. Nilsson, K. & Söderström, M. & Karlsson, B.G., 1994. "MIND optimization reduces the system cost at a refinery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 45-54.
    3. Gronkvist, Stefan & Sandberg, Peter, 2006. "Driving forces and obstacles with regard to co-operation between municipal energy companies and process industries in Sweden," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(13), pages 1508-1519, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Morandin, Matteo & Hackl, Roman & Harvey, Simon, 2014. "Economic feasibility of district heating delivery from industrial excess heat: A case study of a Swedish petrochemical cluster," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 209-220.
    2. Broberg, Sarah & Backlund, Sandra & Karlsson, Magnus & Thollander, Patrik, 2012. "Industrial excess heat deliveries to Swedish district heating networks: Drop it like it's hot," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 332-339.
    3. Karner, Katharina & Theissing, Matthias & Kienberger, Thomas, 2017. "Modeling of energy efficiency increase of urban areas through synergies with industries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 201-209.
    4. Svensson, Inger-Lise & Moshfegh, Bahram, 2011. "System analysis in a European perspective of new industrial cooling supply in a CHP system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 5164-5172.
    5. Bertrand, Alexandre & Mian, Alberto & Kantor, Ivan & Aggoune, Riad & Maréchal, François, 2019. "Regional waste heat valorisation: A mixed integer linear programming method for energy service companies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 454-468.
    6. Werner, Sven, 2017. "District heating and cooling in Sweden," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 419-429.
    7. Mardan, Nawzad & Klahr, Roger, 2012. "Combining optimisation and simulation in an energy systems analysis of a Swedish iron foundry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 410-419.
    8. Antoine Fontaine & Laurence Rocher, 2021. "Energy recovery on the agenda. Waste heat: a matter of public policy and social science concern," Post-Print halshs-02971862, HAL.
    9. Shin Fujii & Takaaki Furubayashi & Toshihiko Nakata, 2019. "Design and Analysis of District Heating Systems Utilizing Excess Heat in Japan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-14, March.
    10. Fang, Hao & Xia, Jianjun & Jiang, Yi, 2015. "Key issues and solutions in a district heating system using low-grade industrial waste heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 589-602.
    11. Hafezi, Reza & Akhavan, AmirNaser & Pakseresht, Saeed & Wood, David A., 2019. "A Layered Uncertainties Scenario Synthesizing (LUSS) model applied to evaluate multiple potential long-run outcomes for Iran's natural gas exports," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 646-659.
    12. Mäkelä, Matti & Lintunen, Jussi & Kangas, Hanna-Liisa & Uusivuori, Jussi, 2011. "Pellet promotion in the Finnish sawmilling industry: The cost-effectiveness of different policy instruments," Journal of Forest Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 185-196, April.
    13. Abraham Castro Garcia & Shuo Cheng & Jeffrey S. Cross, 2020. "Solvolysis of Kraft Lignin to Bio-Oil: A Critical Review," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-16, December.
    14. Thollander, P. & Svensson, I.L. & Trygg, L., 2010. "Analyzing variables for district heating collaborations between energy utilities and industries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 3649-3656.
    15. Kavvadias, Konstantinos C. & Quoilin, Sylvain, 2018. "Exploiting waste heat potential by long distance heat transmission: Design considerations and techno-economic assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 452-465.
    16. Svensson, Elin & Berntsson, Thore & Strömberg, Ann-Brith, 2009. "Benefits of using an optimization methodology for identifying robust process integration investments under uncertainty--A pulp mill example," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 813-824, March.
    17. Fang, Hao & Xia, Jianjun & Zhu, Kan & Su, Yingbo & Jiang, Yi, 2013. "Industrial waste heat utilization for low temperature district heating," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 236-246.
    18. Jönsson, Johanna & Svensson, Inger-Lise & Berntsson, Thore & Moshfegh, Bahram, 2008. "Excess heat from kraft pulp mills: Trade-offs between internal and external use in the case of Sweden--Part 2: Results for future energy market scenarios," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 4186-4197, November.
    19. Wang, Jingyi & Wang, Zhe & Zhou, Ding & Sun, Kaiyu, 2019. "Key issues and novel optimization approaches of industrial waste heat recovery in district heating systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    20. Broberg Viklund, Sarah & Karlsson, Magnus, 2015. "Industrial excess heat use: Systems analysis and CO2 emissions reduction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 189-197.
    21. Kapil, Ankur & Bulatov, Igor & Smith, Robin & Kim, Jin-Kuk, 2012. "Process integration of low grade heat in process industry with district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 11-19.
    22. Lygnerud, Kristina & Werner, Sven, 2018. "Risk assessment of industrial excess heat recovery in district heating systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 430-441.

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