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Do firms respond differently to the carbon pricing by industrial sector? How and why? A comparison between manufacturing and electricity generation sectors using firm-level panel data in Korea

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  • Kim, Pyung
  • Bae, Hyunhoe

Abstract

With firm-level panel data for seven years, this study evaluated the effect of carbon pricing policy and analyzed how firms respond to the carbon price, focusing on Korea's Emission Trading Scheme (ETS). Under the assumption that firms' responses to the carbon price might differ across industries, this study compared the manufacturing and electricity generation sectors. Our panel regression analyses show that the ETS has significant impacts on firms' carbon reduction. However, the carbon reduction mechanisms of firms differ by industrial sector. Firms in the manufacturing sector reduced carbon emissions by improving the energy efficiency of their facilities. On the other hand, those in the electricity generation sector reduced emissions by phasing out the use of fossil fuels and by giving more weight to low carbon-intensive energy sources. These findings imply that carbon pricing works as designed, sending economic signals for firms to decarbonize their economic activities. Furthermore, it works differently (and so effectively) according to the industry's characteristics.

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  • Kim, Pyung & Bae, Hyunhoe, 2022. "Do firms respond differently to the carbon pricing by industrial sector? How and why? A comparison between manufacturing and electricity generation sectors using firm-level panel data in Korea," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:162:y:2022:i:c:s030142152100639x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112773
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    3. Xian’en Wang & Tingyu Hu & Junnian Song & Haiyan Duan, 2022. "Tracking Key Industrial Sectors for CO 2 Mitigation through the Driving Effects: An Attribution Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, November.
    4. Wu, Qingyang & Tan, Chang & Wang, Daoping & Wu, Yongtao & Meng, Jing & Zheng, Heran, 2023. "How carbon emission prices accelerate net zero: Evidence from China's coal-fired power plants," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    5. Suleman, Muhammad Tahir & Rehman, Mobeen Ur & Sheikh, Umaid A. & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2023. "Dynamic time-frequency connectedness between European emissions trading system and sustainability markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    6. Du, Qunyang & Xue, Mengzhe & Li, Zhongyuan & Min Du, Anna & Yang, Tianle, 2024. "Economic vulnerabilities and sustainability in energy utilities: Managing climate change in the face of geopolitical turmoil," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    7. Bolat, C. Kaan & Soytas, Ugur & Akinoglu, Bulent & Nazlioglu, Saban, 2023. "Is there a macroeconomic carbon rebound effect in EU ETS?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    8. Li-Yang Guo & Chao Feng, 2022. "Measuring the Demand Connectedness among China’s Regional Carbon Markets," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, October.
    9. Jin, Zhida & Li, Zheng & Yang, Mian, 2022. "Producer services development and manufacturing carbon intensity: Evidence from an international perspective," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    10. Mardones, Cristian, 2024. "Measuring the efficiency gains of merging carbon markets – A microsimulation for thermoelectric and industrial sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).

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