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Data envelopment analysis and big data

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  • Khezrimotlagh, Dariush
  • Zhu, Joe
  • Cook, Wade D.
  • Toloo, Mehdi

Abstract

In the traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach for a set of n Decision Making Units (DMUs), a standard DEA model is solved n times, one for each DMU. As the number of DMUs increases, the running-time to solve the standard model sharply rises. In this study, a new framework is proposed to significantly decrease the required DEA calculation time in comparison with the existing methodologies when a large set of DMUs (e.g., 20,000 DMUs or more) is present. The framework includes five steps: (i) selecting a subsample of DMUs using a proposed algorithm, (ii) finding the best-practice DMUs in the selected subsample, (iii) finding the exterior DMUs to the hull of the selected subsample, (iv) identifying the set of all efficient DMUs, and (v) measuring the performance scores of DMUs as those arising from the traditional DEA approach. The variable returns to scale technology is assumed and several simulation experiments are designed to estimate the running-time for applying the proposed method for big data. The obtained results in this study point out that the running-time is decreased up to 99.9% in comparison with the existing techniques. In addition, we illustrate the essential computation time for applying the proposed method as a function of the number of DMUs (cardinality), number of inputs and outputs (dimension), and the proportion of efficient DMUs (density). The methods are also compared on a real data set consisting of 30,099 electric power plants in the United States from 1996 to 2016.

Suggested Citation

  • Khezrimotlagh, Dariush & Zhu, Joe & Cook, Wade D. & Toloo, Mehdi, 2019. "Data envelopment analysis and big data," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 274(3), pages 1047-1054.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:274:y:2019:i:3:p:1047-1054
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2018.10.044
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Tao Jie, 2020. "Parallel processing of the Build Hull algorithm to address the large-scale DEA problem," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 295(1), pages 453-481, December.
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    6. Valentin Zelenyuk, 2019. "Data Envelopment Analysis and Business Analytics: The Big Data Challenges and Some Solutions," CEPA Working Papers Series WP072019, School of Economics, University of Queensland, Australia.
    7. Chen, Ya & Tsionas, Mike G. & Zelenyuk, Valentin, 2021. "LASSO+DEA for small and big wide data," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
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    11. Zelenyuk, Valentin, 2020. "Aggregation of inputs and outputs prior to Data Envelopment Analysis under big data," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 282(1), pages 172-187.
    12. Ricardo F. Díaz & Blanca Sanchez-Robles, 2020. "Non-Parametric Analysis of Efficiency: An Application to the Pharmaceutical Industry," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-27, September.
    13. Tavana, Madjid & Izadikhah, Mohammad & Toloo, Mehdi & Roostaee, Razieh, 2021. "A new non-radial directional distance model for data envelopment analysis problems with negative and flexible measures," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
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    16. Joe Zhu, 2022. "DEA under big data: data enabled analytics and network data envelopment analysis," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 309(2), pages 761-783, February.
    17. Carayannis, Elias G. & Grigoroudis, Evangelos & Wurth, Bernd, 2022. "OR for entrepreneurial ecosystems: A problem-oriented review and agenda," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 300(3), pages 791-808.
    18. Valero-Carreras, Daniel & Aparicio, Juan & Guerrero, Nadia M., 2021. "Support vector frontiers: A new approach for estimating production functions through support vector machines," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
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