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Liquid milk: Savings, insurance and side-selling in cooperatives

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  • Geng, Xin
  • Janssens, Wendy
  • Kramer, Berber

Abstract

Limited access to reliable financial instruments makes it difficult for rural households to manage daily cash flows. Selling goods through cooperatives can improve savings, but cooperative income is not easily accessible when facing an emergency. Cash-constrained households may therefore side-sell in local markets that pay on the spot, while insurance could reduce the need to side-sell. We test these hypotheses using panel data for farmers from two Kenyan dairy cooperatives. Both cooperatives pay only once a month, with local market vendors paying a lower price but upon delivery. We find that farmers sell less milk to the cooperatives when facing uninsured health emergencies or when cash on hand is low. Health insurance reduces side-selling. These findings highlight that selling, saving and risk-coping decisions are intertwined, with side-selling providing a strategy to manage temporary cash constraints. This suggests that linking agricultural and insurance contracts can enhance cooperatives’ financial sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Geng, Xin & Janssens, Wendy & Kramer, Berber, 2023. "Liquid milk: Savings, insurance and side-selling in cooperatives," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:deveco:v:165:y:2023:i:c:s0304387823000974
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103142
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    1. Headey, Derek D. & Alderman, Harold & Hoddinott, John & Narayanan, Sudha, 2024. "The glass of milk half-empty? Dairy development and nutrition in low and middle income countries," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cash constraints; Insurance; Cooperatives; Financial diaries; Semiparametric estimation; Kenya;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D14 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Saving; Personal Finance
    • D15 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Intertemporal Household Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness

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