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The moderating role of resiliency on the negative effects of childhood abuse for adolescent girls involved in child welfare

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  • Tlapek, Sarah Myers
  • Auslander, Wendy
  • Edmond, Tonya
  • Gerke, Donald
  • Voth Schrag, Rachel
  • Threlfall, Jennifer

Abstract

Child abuse is associated with a number of negative psychosocial outcomes, including mental health problems, substance abuse, and interpersonal violence. Yet some children thrive or “adapt well” despite experiencing abuse; researchers are increasingly interested in the protective factors and mechanisms that may prevent negative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of resiliency characteristics in the relationship between childhood abuse and the negative outcomes of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse, and revictimization in adolescent girls involved in child welfare. Participants were 237 adolescent girls ages 12–19years (M=14.9, SD=1.6), and who were youths of color (75%) and white (25%). Data were collected through surveys assessing histories of physical, sexual, and emotional child abuse; symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression; lifetime substance use; and experiences of physical, verbal, and relational revictimization in the last three months. All forms of childhood abuse were significantly associated with symptoms of depression and PTSD as well as revictimization and substance use. Higher levels of resiliency were associated with fewer depression and PTSD symptoms and experiencing less revictimization. Resiliency significantly moderated the relationship between sexual abuse and depression, PTSD, and revictimization. Resiliency also moderated the relationship between emotional abuse and depression. No significant interactions emerged in the relationship between physical abuse and any of the mental health and behavioral problems. This study suggests that resiliency may serve as a protective factor in the relationship between abuse (sexual and emotional) and depression, PTSD, and revictimization during adolescence.

Suggested Citation

  • Tlapek, Sarah Myers & Auslander, Wendy & Edmond, Tonya & Gerke, Donald & Voth Schrag, Rachel & Threlfall, Jennifer, 2017. "The moderating role of resiliency on the negative effects of childhood abuse for adolescent girls involved in child welfare," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 437-444.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:73:y:2017:i:c:p:437-444
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.11.026
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guibord, Mélanie & Bell, Tessa & Romano, Elisa & Rouillard, Louise, 2011. "Risk and protective factors for depression and substance use in an adolescent child welfare sample," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(11), pages 2127-2137.
    2. Pritzker, Suzanne & Minter, Anthony, 2014. "Measuring adolescent resilience: An examination of the cross-ethnic validity of the RS-14," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 328-333.
    3. Zolkoski, Staci M. & Bullock, Lyndal M., 2012. "Resilience in children and youth: A review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2295-2303.
    4. Kristopher J. Preacher & Patrick J. Curran & Daniel J. Bauer, 2006. "Computational Tools for Probing Interactions in Multiple Linear Regression, Multilevel Modeling, and Latent Curve Analysis," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 31(4), pages 437-448, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Susan Yoon & Fei Pei & Juan Lorenzo Benavides & Alexa Ploss & Jessica Logan & Sherry Hamby, 2022. "The Long-Term Effects of Early Childhood Resilience Profiles on School Outcomes among Children in the Child Welfare System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-14, May.

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