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Dynamic simulation of fouling in a circulating fluidized biomass-fired boiler

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  • Sandberg, Jan
  • Fdhila, Rebei Bel
  • Dahlquist, Erik
  • Avelin, Anders

Abstract

A dynamic model is presented for a biomass-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler. The model is based on energy and mass balances for the components in the boiler and on a combustion model for the fluidized bed. The main purpose of the model is to simulate how deposits affect the boiler efficiency and performance. The model is verified against the municipal circulating fluidized bed boiler in Västerås, Sweden, which produces 157Â MW. The distribution of deposits on the surfaces in the boiler is well known from inspections. These observations are used as inputs to the model to simulate their effects on boiler performance. The heat exchanger most affected by fouling is Superheater 2, which is the first heat exchanger in the flue gas channel. Deposits typically reduce the heat transfer rate by half over a season despite soot blowing. This and other fouling scenarios are simulated and presented in this article. The simulations show that fouling on superheaters redistributes the heat transfer rate from the superheaters to Reheater 1 and partially redistributes turbine power from the high pressure turbine to the intermediate pressure turbine. If the boiler is running at maximum load, water injection to Reheater 1 has to increase to maintain temperatures below the permitted limit. The dynamic effects of fouling are small and the total efficiency of the boiler is only marginally affected. Fouling on evaporating surfaces has major dynamic effects and dramatically decreases the boiler efficiency. A decrease in fuel rate flow is needed to maintain temperatures in the fluidised bed and in the flue gas channel within acceptable limits.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandberg, Jan & Fdhila, Rebei Bel & Dahlquist, Erik & Avelin, Anders, 2011. "Dynamic simulation of fouling in a circulating fluidized biomass-fired boiler," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1813-1824, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:88:y:2011:i:5:p:1813-1824
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sand, U. & Sandberg, J. & Larfeldt, J. & Bel Fdhila, R., 2008. "Numerical prediction of the transport and pyrolysis in the interior and surrounding of dry and wet wood log," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(12), pages 1208-1224, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Fenghai & Li, Zhenzhu & Huang, Jiejie & Fang, Yitian, 2014. "Understanding mineral behaviors during anthracite fluidized-bed gasification based on slag characteristics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 279-287.
    2. Nikula, Riku-Pekka & Ruusunen, Mika & Leiviskä, Kauko, 2016. "Data-driven framework for boiler performance monitoring," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1374-1388.
    3. Yuanhao Shi & Qiang Li & Jie Wen & Fangshu Cui & Xiaoqiong Pang & Jianfang Jia & Jianchao Zeng & Jingcheng Wang, 2019. "Soot Blowing Optimization for Frequency in Economizers to Improve Boiler Performance in Coal-Fired Power Plant," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Huanzhou Wei & Shahong Zhu & Yulin Mao & Junjie Gao & Zifan Shen & Jiaxing Li & Hairui Yang, 2024. "Research Progress on the Dynamic Characteristics of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers While Processing Rapid Variable Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-26, July.
    5. Dragan Cveticanin & Nicolae Herisanu & Istvan Biro & Miodrag Zukovic & Livija Cveticanin, 2020. "Vibration of the Biomass Boiler Tube Excited with Impact of the Cleaning Device," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-13, September.
    6. Kuruneru, Sahan Trushad Wickramasooriya & Sauret, Emilie & Saha, Suvash Chandra & Gu, YuanTong, 2016. "Numerical investigation of the temporal evolution of particulate fouling in metal foams for air-cooled heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 531-547.
    7. Chapela, Sergio & Cid, Natalia & Porteiro, Jacobo & Míguez, José Luis, 2020. "Numerical transient modelling of the fouling phenomena and its influence on thermal performance in a low-scale biomass shell boiler," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 309-318.
    8. Tong, Zi-Xiang & Li, Ming-Jia & He, Ya-Ling & Tan, Hou-Zhang, 2017. "Simulation of real time particle deposition and removal processes on tubes by coupled numerical method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 2181-2193.
    9. Yuanhao Shi & Jie Wen & Fangshu Cui & Jingcheng Wang, 2019. "An Optimization Study on Soot-Blowing of Air Preheaters in Coal-Fired Power Plant Boilers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, March.
    10. Namkung, Hueon & Xu, Li-Hua & Kang, Tae-Jin & Kim, Dae Sung & Kwon, Hyok-Bo & Kim, Hyung-Taek, 2013. "Prediction of coal fouling using an alternative index under the gasification condition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1246-1255.

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