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Energy savings in indoor swimming-pools: comparison between different heat-recovery systems

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  • Johansson, L.
  • Westerlund, L.

Abstract

In indoor swimming-pool facilities, the energy demand is large due to ventilation losses with the exhaust air. Since water is evaporated from the pool surface, the exhaust air has a high water content and specific enthalpy. Because of the low temperature, the heat from the evaporation is difficult to recover. In this paper, the energy demand for the conventional ventilation technique in indoor swimming pools is compared to two different heat-recovery techniques, the mechanical heat pump and the open absorption system. The mechanical heat-pump is the most widely used technique in Sweden today. The open absorption system is a new technique in this application. Calculations have been carried out on an hourly basis for the different techniques. Measurements from an absorption system pilot-plant installed in an indoor swimming pool in the northern part of Sweden have been used in the calculations. The results show that with the mechanical heat pump, the electrical input increases by 63 MWh/year and with the open absorption system 57 MWh/year. However, a mechanical heat-pump and an open absorption system decrease, the annual energy demand from 611 to 528 and 484 MWh respectively, which correspond to decreases of approximately 14 and 20% respectively. The electricity input will increase when using heat-recovery techniques. Changing the climate in the facility has also been investigated. An increased temperature decreases the energy demand when using the conventional ventilation technique. However, when either the mechanical heat-pump or the open absorption system is used, the energy demand is increased when the temperature is increased. Therefore increasing the temperature in the facility when using the conventional technique should be considered the first measure to reduce the energy demand.

Suggested Citation

  • Johansson, L. & Westerlund, L., 2001. "Energy savings in indoor swimming-pools: comparison between different heat-recovery systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(4), pages 281-303, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:70:y:2001:i:4:p:281-303
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Westerlund, L. & Dahl, J., 1994. "Absorbers in the open absorption system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 33-49.
    2. Westerlund, L. & Dahl, J., 1994. "Use of an open absorption heat-pump for energy conservation in a public swimming-pool," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 49(3), pages 275-300.
    3. Westerlund, L. & Dahl, J. & Johansson, L., 1996. "A theoretical investigation of the heat demand for public baths," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 21(7), pages 731-737.
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    2. Kampel, Wolfgang & Aas, Bjørn & Bruland, Amund, 2014. "Characteristics of energy-efficient swimming facilities – A case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 508-512.
    3. Giannis Papadopoulos & Evangelos I. Tolis & Giorgos Panaras, 2023. "Combined Investigation of Indoor Environmental Conditions and Energy Performance of an Aquatic Center," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-16, January.
    4. Wang, Yang & Zhao, Fu-Yun & Kuckelkorn, Jens & Spliethoff, Hartmut & Rank, Ernst, 2014. "School building energy performance and classroom air environment implemented with the heat recovery heat pump and displacement ventilation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 58-68.
    5. Katsaprakakis, Dimitris Al., 2015. "Comparison of swimming pools alternative passive and active heating systems based on renewable energy sources in Southern Europe," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 738-753.
    6. Katarzyna Ratajczak & Edward Szczechowiak, 2020. "The Use of a Heat Pump in a Ventilation Unit as an Economical and Ecological Source of Heat for the Ventilation System of an Indoor Swimming Pool Facility," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
    7. Piotr Ciuman & Jan Kaczmarczyk, 2021. "Numerical Analysis of the Energy Consumption of Ventilation Processes in the School Swimming Pool," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-18, February.
    8. Liu, Lanbin & Fu, Lin & Zhang, Shigang, 2014. "The design and analysis of two exhaust heat recovery systems for public shower facilities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 267-275.
    9. Pouranian, Fatemeh & Akbari, Habibollah & Hosseinalipour, S.M., 2021. "Performance assessment of solar chimney coupled with earth-to-air heat exchanger: A passive alternative for an indoor swimming pool ventilation in hot-arid climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    10. Ole Øiene Smedegård & Thomas Jonsson & Bjørn Aas & Jørn Stene & Laurent Georges & Salvatore Carlucci, 2021. "The Implementation of Multiple Linear Regression for Swimming Pool Facilities: Case Study at Jøa, Norway," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-24, August.
    11. Zhao, J. & Bilbao, J.I. & Spooner, E.D. & Sproul, A.B., 2018. "Experimental study of a solar pool heating system under lower flow and low pump speed conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 320-335.
    12. Joanna Liebersbach & Alina Żabnieńska-Góra & Iwona Polarczyk & Marderos Ara Sayegh, 2021. "Feasibility of Grey Water Heat Recovery in Indoor Swimming Pools," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-41, July.

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