Decoupling representation contrastive learning for carbon emission prediction and analysis based on time series

Carbon emissions have become particularly urgent with the acceleration of industrialization. Currently, AI-based carbon emission modeling provides essential support for solving the problem of predicting, managing, and optimizing carbon emissions. However, there are still challenges in accurately predicting carbon dioxide emissions and establishing an appropriate carbon emission regulatory model to manage carbon dioxide emissions effectively. Firstly, this paper introduces a framework for learning seasonal and trend representations called DeTF (Decoupling representation for Time and Frequency domain of time series). The framework is designed for time series data of CO2 emissions used for power generation from 1973 to 2023. Secondly, we use various data enhancement techniques to improve the robustness of the learned representations. Finally, the prediction results establish a tripartite evolutionary game relationship between the state, regulatory agencies, and enterprises. We use MSE and MAE as evaluation metrics, and our model overall outperforms current state-of-the-art end-to-end algorithms. It outperforms the best performing end-to-end prediction method by 27.08% (MSE) in the prediction results. Besides, the time series prediction results are innovatively combined with the tripartite game model to analyze the main factors determining the optimal strategy.