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Power system operational impacts of electric vehicle dynamic wireless charging

Author

Listed:
  • Sauter, A.J.
  • Lara, José Daniel
  • Turk, Jennifer
  • Milford, Jana
  • Hodge, Bri-Mathias

Abstract

The electrification of the transportation sector poses an opportunity for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from passenger vehicles. Electric vehicle (EV) charging through dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT), known as roadway electrification, could shift EV demand profiles to better coincide with renewable electricity generation. However, this would be a very large new load and few studies evaluate the regional impacts of DWPT charging in a power transmission system. This paper defines methods that address dataset generation for passenger vehicle trips and models to evaluate regional impacts for this emerging technology. Household vehicle miles traveled (VMT) data form localized EV demand profiles through discrete-event simulation. This data serves as exogenous inputs for a Production Cost Model (PCM) of a synthetic transmission system based on the Electric Reliability Council of Texas’s (ERCOT) network. EV charging methods are compared for both a 2018 baseline generation mixture and a high-renewable generation case incorporating 20 GW of installed solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity. The PCM employs unit commitment and economic dispatch (UC&ED) models to compare financial, environmental, and grid reliability impacts from EV charging across passenger EV adoption levels. In-transit charging could reduce grid operational costs by as much as 1.49%, with up to $13.7B saved in annual vehicle operational costs for consumers compared to gas-powered vehicles. Health impacts analysis from power plant and vehicle tailpipe emissions from this study show net health benefits increase by 40% for in-transit charging coupled with high renewable generation. Renewable resources provide an avenue for cost-effective in-transit charging with reduced emissions. The combination of dataset generation and open-source power system modeling establish a foundation for the holistic evaluation of regional DWPT impacts.

Suggested Citation

  • Sauter, A.J. & Lara, José Daniel & Turk, Jennifer & Milford, Jana & Hodge, Bri-Mathias, 2024. "Power system operational impacts of electric vehicle dynamic wireless charging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:364:y:2024:i:c:s0306261924003854
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Haddad, Diala & Konstantinou, Theodora & Aliprantis, Dionysios & Gkritza, Konstantina & Pekarek, Steven & Haddock, John, 2022. "Analysis of the financial viability of high-powered electric roadways: A case study for the state of Indiana," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    2. Doubleday, Kate & Lara, José Daniel & Hodge, Bri-Mathias, 2022. "Investigation of stochastic unit commitment to enable advanced flexibility measures for high shares of solar PV," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    3. Siobhan Powell & Gustavo Vianna Cezar & Liang Min & Inês M. L. Azevedo & Ram Rajagopal, 2022. "Charging infrastructure access and operation to reduce the grid impacts of deep electric vehicle adoption," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 7(10), pages 932-945, October.
    4. Mowry, Andrew M. & Mallapragada, Dharik S., 2021. "Grid impacts of highway electric vehicle charging and role for mitigation via energy storage," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
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