IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/enepol/v157y2021ics0301421521003785.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Grid impacts of highway electric vehicle charging and role for mitigation via energy storage

Author

Listed:
  • Mowry, Andrew M.
  • Mallapragada, Dharik S.

Abstract

Highway fast-charging (HFC) stations for electric vehicles (EVs) are necessary to address range anxiety concerns and thus to support economy-wide decarbonization goals. The characteristics of HFC electricity demand – its relative inflexibility, high power requirements, and spatial concentration – have the potential to adversely impact grid operations as HFC infrastructure expands. Here, we investigate the impacts of scaled-up HFC infrastructure using an operations model of the 2033 Texas power grid with uniquely high spatial and temporal resolution. In the reference EV penetration case corresponding to 3 million passenger EVs on the road, we find that grid-HFC interactions increase system annual operational costs by 8%, or nearly $2 per MWh of load served. Greater impacts are observed for higher EV penetration cases. The high spatial resolution of the analysis reveals that the majority of increased costs can be attributed to transmission congestion on feeder lines serving a minority of HFC stations. Four-hour battery energy storage is shown to be more effective than demand flexibility as mitigation, due to the long duration of peak charging demand anticipated at HFC stations. Transmission network upgrades can also effectively mitigate grid-HFC interactions. Choosing the most effective mitigation strategy for each station requires a tailored approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Mowry, Andrew M. & Mallapragada, Dharik S., 2021. "Grid impacts of highway electric vehicle charging and role for mitigation via energy storage," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:157:y:2021:i:c:s0301421521003785
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112508
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421521003785
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112508?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chao-Tsung Ma, 2019. "System Planning of Grid-Connected Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and Key Technologies: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Matteo Muratori, 2018. "Impact of uncoordinated plug-in electric vehicle charging on residential power demand," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(3), pages 193-201, March.
    3. Andrés Arias-Londoño & Oscar Danilo Montoya & Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña, 2020. "A Chronological Literature Review of Electric Vehicle Interactions with Power Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-23, June.
    4. Szinai, Julia K. & Sheppard, Colin J.R. & Abhyankar, Nikit & Gopal, Anand R., 2020. "Reduced grid operating costs and renewable energy curtailment with electric vehicle charge management," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    5. Heuberger, Clara F. & Bains, Praveen K. & Mac Dowell, Niall, 2020. "The EV-olution of the power system: A spatio-temporal optimisation model to investigate the impact of electric vehicle deployment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    6. Mallapragada, Dharik S. & Sepulveda, Nestor A. & Jenkins, Jesse D., 2020. "Long-run system value of battery energy storage in future grids with increasing wind and solar generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    7. Lee, Henry & Clark, Alex, 2018. "Charging the Future: Challenges and Opportunities for Electric Vehicle Adoption," Working Paper Series rwp18-026, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
    8. Erbaş, Mehmet & Kabak, Mehmet & Özceylan, Eren & Çetinkaya, Cihan, 2018. "Optimal siting of electric vehicle charging stations: A GIS-based fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1017-1031.
    9. Yanyan Xu & Serdar Çolak & Emre C. Kara & Scott J. Moura & Marta C. González, 2018. "Planning for electric vehicle needs by coupling charging profiles with urban mobility," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(6), pages 484-493, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Pampa Sinha & Kaushik Paul & Sanchari Deb & Sulabh Sachan, 2023. "Comprehensive Review Based on the Impact of Integrating Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy Sources to the Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-39, March.
    2. Sauter, A.J. & Lara, José Daniel & Turk, Jennifer & Milford, Jana & Hodge, Bri-Mathias, 2024. "Power system operational impacts of electric vehicle dynamic wireless charging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).
    3. Verónica Anadón Martínez & Andreas Sumper, 2023. "Planning and Operation Objectives of Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructures: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-41, July.
    4. Varone, Alberto & Heilmann, Zeno & Porruvecchio, Guido & Romanino, Alessandro, 2024. "Solar parking lot management: An IoT platform for smart charging EV fleets, using real-time data and production forecasts," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Siobhan Powell & Gustavo Vianna Cezar & Liang Min & Inês M. L. Azevedo & Ram Rajagopal, 2022. "Charging infrastructure access and operation to reduce the grid impacts of deep electric vehicle adoption," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 7(10), pages 932-945, October.
    2. Makeen, Peter & Ghali, Hani A. & Memon, Saim & Duan, Fang, 2023. "Smart techno-economic operation of electric vehicle charging station in Egypt," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    3. Zhang, Cong & Greenblatt, Jeffery B. & MacDougall, Pamela & Saxena, Samveg & Jayam Prabhakar, Aditya, 2020. "Quantifying the benefits of electric vehicles on the future electricity grid in the midwestern United States," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    4. Ye, Tinghan & Liu, Shanshan & Kontou, Eleftheria, 2024. "Managed residential electric vehicle charging minimizes electricity bills while meeting driver and community preferences," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 122-138.
    5. Crozier, Constance & Morstyn, Thomas & McCulloch, Malcolm, 2020. "The opportunity for smart charging to mitigate the impact of electric vehicles on transmission and distribution systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    6. Milan Straka & Rui Carvalho & Gijs van der Poel & v{L}ubov{s} Buzna, 2020. "Explaining the distribution of energy consumption at slow charging infrastructure for electric vehicles from socio-economic data," Papers 2006.01672, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2020.
    7. Powell, Siobhan & Vianna Cezar, Gustavo & Apostolaki-Iosifidou, Elpiniki & Rajagopal, Ram, 2022. "Large-scale scenarios of electric vehicle charging with a data-driven model of control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    8. Mangipinto, Andrea & Lombardi, Francesco & Sanvito, Francesco Davide & Pavičević, Matija & Quoilin, Sylvain & Colombo, Emanuela, 2022. "Impact of mass-scale deployment of electric vehicles and benefits of smart charging across all European countries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    9. Graham Town & Seyedfoad Taghizadeh & Sara Deilami, 2022. "Review of Fast Charging for Electrified Transport: Demand, Technology, Systems, and Planning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-30, February.
    10. Lizana, Jesus & Friedrich, Daniel & Renaldi, Renaldi & Chacartegui, Ricardo, 2018. "Energy flexible building through smart demand-side management and latent heat storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 471-485.
    11. Zou, Wenke & Sun, Yongjun & Gao, Dian-ce & Zhang, Xu & Liu, Junyao, 2023. "A review on integration of surging plug-in electric vehicles charging in energy-flexible buildings: Impacts analysis, collaborative management technologies, and future perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    12. Cui, Dingsong & Wang, Zhenpo & Liu, Peng & Wang, Shuo & Zhang, Zhaosheng & Dorrell, David G. & Li, Xiaohui, 2022. "Battery electric vehicle usage pattern analysis driven by massive real-world data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    13. Li, Xiaohui & Wang, Zhenpo & Zhang, Lei & Sun, Fengchun & Cui, Dingsong & Hecht, Christopher & Figgener, Jan & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2023. "Electric vehicle behavior modeling and applications in vehicle-grid integration: An overview," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    14. Zhang, Haifeng & Tian, Ming & Zhang, Cong & Wang, Bin & Wang, Dai, 2021. "A systematic solution to quantify economic values of vehicle grid integration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    15. Saleh Aghajan-Eshkevari & Sasan Azad & Morteza Nazari-Heris & Mohammad Taghi Ameli & Somayeh Asadi, 2022. "Charging and Discharging of Electric Vehicles in Power Systems: An Updated and Detailed Review of Methods, Control Structures, Objectives, and Optimization Methodologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-31, February.
    16. Pavić, Ivan & Pandžić, Hrvoje & Capuder, Tomislav, 2020. "Electric vehicle based smart e-mobility system – Definition and comparison to the existing concept," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    17. Wu, Wei & Lin, Boqiang, 2021. "Benefits of electric vehicles integrating into power grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    18. Mingdong Sun & Chunfu Shao & Chengxiang Zhuge & Pinxi Wang & Xiong Yang & Shiqi Wang, 2022. "Uncovering travel and charging patterns of private electric vehicles with trajectory data: evidence and policy implications," Transportation, Springer, vol. 49(5), pages 1409-1439, October.
    19. Timo Kern & Patrick Dossow & Serafin von Roon, 2020. "Integrating Bidirectionally Chargeable Electric Vehicles into the Electricity Markets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-30, November.
    20. Natascia Andrenacci & Roberto Ragona & Antonino Genovese, 2020. "Evaluation of the Instantaneous Power Demand of an Electric Charging Station in an Urban Scenario," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:157:y:2021:i:c:s0301421521003785. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.