IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v321y2022ics0306261922006766.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The spatial and temporal mismatch phenomenon in solar space heating applications: status and solutions

Author

Listed:
  • Gao, Datong
  • Zhao, Bin
  • Kwan, Trevor Hocksun
  • Hao, Yong
  • Pei, Gang

Abstract

Building space heating has led to tremendous energy consumption globally. The mismatch between fluctuating solar energy resources and stochastic space heating load shall be solved to realize the transition from fossil energy to solar energy for space heating. In the spatial aspect, the discrepancy of solar energy resources in different regions is considerable and the heating load is also varying with the climate type, population density, and so on. In the temporal aspect, the seasonal and diurnal solar energy resource usually has an opposite trend to the actual space heating demand. The spatial and temporal mismatch between solar energy and heating load cause inefficient solar energy utilization and prejudice the decarbonization goal. This work is focused on the status and solutions to this phenomenon, and the state-of-art from the perspective of both the supplement and demand sides are reviewed, as well as the extensive policy outlook for mitigating the mismatch problem in solar space heating applications. Finally, the future investigation suggestions and research gaps on this scientific problem are concluded from this work.

Suggested Citation

  • Gao, Datong & Zhao, Bin & Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Hao, Yong & Pei, Gang, 2022. "The spatial and temporal mismatch phenomenon in solar space heating applications: status and solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:321:y:2022:i:c:s0306261922006766
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119326
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261922006766
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119326?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pinel, Patrice & Cruickshank, Cynthia A. & Beausoleil-Morrison, Ian & Wills, Adam, 2011. "A review of available methods for seasonal storage of solar thermal energy in residential applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(7), pages 3341-3359, September.
    2. Zhang, Jianyuan & Zhao, Li & Deng, Shuai & Xu, Weicong & Zhang, Ying, 2017. "A critical review of the models used to estimate solar radiation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 314-329.
    3. Luo, Xi & Liu, Yanfeng & Feng, Pingan & Gao, Yuan & Guo, Zhenxiang, 2021. "Optimization of a solar-based integrated energy system considering interaction between generation, network, and demand side," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    4. Ehsan, Ali & Yang, Qiang, 2019. "Scenario-based investment planning of isolated multi-energy microgrids considering electricity, heating and cooling demand," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1277-1288.
    5. Zhou, Yuekuan & Zheng, Siqian, 2020. "Machine-learning based hybrid demand-side controller for high-rise office buildings with high energy flexibilities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    6. Joeri Rogelj & Daniel Huppmann & Volker Krey & Keywan Riahi & Leon Clarke & Matthew Gidden & Zebedee Nicholls & Malte Meinshausen, 2019. "A new scenario logic for the Paris Agreement long-term temperature goal," Nature, Nature, vol. 573(7774), pages 357-363, September.
    7. Buffa, Simone & Cozzini, Marco & D’Antoni, Matteo & Baratieri, Marco & Fedrizzi, Roberto, 2019. "5th generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of existing cases in Europe," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 504-522.
    8. Wang, Zhe & Luo, Maohui & Geng, Yang & Lin, Borong & Zhu, Yingxin, 2018. "A model to compare convective and radiant heating systems for intermittent space heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 211-226.
    9. Guelpa, Elisa & Marincioni, Ludovica, 2019. "Demand side management in district heating systems by innovative control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    10. Arteconi, A. & Hewitt, N.J. & Polonara, F., 2012. "State of the art of thermal storage for demand-side management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 371-389.
    11. Ahmed, R. & Sreeram, V. & Mishra, Y. & Arif, M.D., 2020. "A review and evaluation of the state-of-the-art in PV solar power forecasting: Techniques and optimization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    12. Berger, Matthias & Worlitschek, Jörg, 2018. "A novel approach for estimating residential space heating demand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 294-301.
    13. Voyant, Cyril & Notton, Gilles & Kalogirou, Soteris & Nivet, Marie-Laure & Paoli, Christophe & Motte, Fabrice & Fouilloy, Alexis, 2017. "Machine learning methods for solar radiation forecasting: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 569-582.
    14. Sadeghi, Gholamabbas & Najafzadeh, Mohammad & Ameri, Mehran, 2020. "Thermal characteristics of evacuated tube solar collectors with coil inside: An experimental study and evolutionary algorithms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 575-588.
    15. Hou, Jin & Xu, Peng & Lu, Xing & Pang, Zhihong & Chu, Yiyi & Huang, Gongsheng, 2018. "Implementation of expansion planning in existing district energy system: A case study in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 269-281.
    16. Zhang, Ji & Xu, Le & Shabunko, Veronika & Tay, Stephen En Rong & Sun, Huixuan & Lau, Stephen Siu Yu & Reindl, Thomas, 2019. "Impact of urban block typology on building solar potential and energy use efficiency in tropical high-density city," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 513-533.
    17. Lubis, Arnas & Jeong, Jongsoo & Giannetti, Niccolo & Yamaguchi, Seiichi & Saito, Kiyoshi & Yabase, Hajime & Alhamid, Muhammad I. & Nasruddin,, 2018. "Operation performance enhancement of single-double-effect absorption chiller," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 299-311.
    18. Freeman, James & Hellgardt, Klaus & Markides, Christos N., 2015. "An assessment of solar-powered organic Rankine cycle systems for combined heating and power in UK domestic applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 605-620.
    19. Münster, Marie & Morthorst, Poul Erik & Larsen, Helge V. & Bregnbæk, Lars & Werling, Jesper & Lindboe, Hans Henrik & Ravn, Hans, 2012. "The role of district heating in the future Danish energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 47-55.
    20. Christensen, Morten Herget & Li, Rongling & Pinson, Pierre, 2020. "Demand side management of heat in smart homes: Living-lab experiments," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    21. Neves, Catarina & Oliveira, Tiago, 2021. "Drivers of consumers’ change to an energy-efficient heating appliance (EEHA) in households: Evidence from five European countries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    22. Reynolds, Jonathan & Ahmad, Muhammad Waseem & Rezgui, Yacine & Hippolyte, Jean-Laurent, 2019. "Operational supply and demand optimisation of a multi-vector district energy system using artificial neural networks and a genetic algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 699-713.
    23. Le Dréau, J. & Heiselberg, P., 2016. "Energy flexibility of residential buildings using short term heat storage in the thermal mass," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 991-1002.
    24. Wang, Xiaodi & Liu, Youbo & Zhao, Junbo & Liu, Chang & Liu, Junyong & Yan, Jinyue, 2021. "Surrogate model enabled deep reinforcement learning for hybrid energy community operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    25. Gadd, Henrik & Werner, Sven, 2013. "Daily heat load variations in Swedish district heating systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 47-55.
    26. Liu, Changchun & Han, Wei & Wang, Zefeng & Zhang, Na & Kang, Qilan & Liu, Meng, 2021. "Proposal and assessment of a new solar space heating system by integrating an absorption-compression heat pump," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    27. Ahmed, Salman & Li, Senji & Li, Zhenpeng & Xiao, Gang & Ma, Tao, 2022. "Enhanced radiative cooling of solar cells by integration with heat pipe," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    28. Kensby, Johan & Trüschel, Anders & Dalenbäck, Jan-Olof, 2015. "Potential of residential buildings as thermal energy storage in district heating systems – Results from a pilot test," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 773-781.
    29. Zhao, Bin & Lu, Kegui & Hu, Mingke & Liu, Jie & Wu, Lijun & Xu, Chengfeng & Xuan, Qingdong & Pei, Gang, 2022. "Radiative cooling of solar cells with micro-grating photonic cooler," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 662-668.
    30. Smarra, Francesco & Jain, Achin & de Rubeis, Tullio & Ambrosini, Dario & D’Innocenzo, Alessandro & Mangharam, Rahul, 2018. "Data-driven model predictive control using random forests for building energy optimization and climate control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 1252-1272.
    31. Lundström, Lukas & Wallin, Fredrik, 2016. "Heat demand profiles of energy conservation measures in buildings and their impact on a district heating system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 290-299.
    32. Han, Jie & Ouyang, Leixin & Xu, Yuzhen & Zeng, Rong & Kang, Shushuo & Zhang, Guoqiang, 2016. "Current status of distributed energy system in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 288-297.
    33. Tien, Paige Wenbin & Wei, Shuangyu & Liu, Tianshu & Calautit, John & Darkwa, Jo & Wood, Christopher, 2021. "A deep learning approach towards the detection and recognition of opening of windows for effective management of building ventilation heat losses and reducing space heating demand," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 603-625.
    34. Shadram, Farshid & Bhattacharjee, Shimantika & Lidelöw, Sofia & Mukkavaara, Jani & Olofsson, Thomas, 2020. "Exploring the trade-off in life cycle energy of building retrofit through optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    35. Tulus, Victor & Boer, Dieter & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Jiménez, Laureano & Guillén-Gosálbez, Gonzalo, 2016. "Enhanced thermal energy supply via central solar heating plants with seasonal storage: A multi-objective optimization approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 549-561.
    36. Li, Xiaoma & Zhou, Yuyu & Yu, Sha & Jia, Gensuo & Li, Huidong & Li, Wenliang, 2019. "Urban heat island impacts on building energy consumption: A review of approaches and findings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 407-419.
    37. Rocha, Helder R.O. & Honorato, Icaro H. & Fiorotti, Rodrigo & Celeste, Wanderley C. & Silvestre, Leonardo J. & Silva, Jair A.L., 2021. "An Artificial Intelligence based scheduling algorithm for demand-side energy management in Smart Homes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    38. Alva, Guruprasad & Lin, Yaxue & Fang, Guiyin, 2018. "An overview of thermal energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 341-378.
    39. Guelpa, Elisa & Barbero, Giulia & Sciacovelli, Adriano & Verda, Vittorio, 2017. "Peak-shaving in district heating systems through optimal management of the thermal request of buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 706-714.
    40. Hawkes, A.D. & Leach, M.A., 2007. "Cost-effective operating strategy for residential micro-combined heat and power," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 711-723.
    41. Zhang, Liang & Wen, Jin & Li, Yanfei & Chen, Jianli & Ye, Yunyang & Fu, Yangyang & Livingood, William, 2021. "A review of machine learning in building load prediction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    42. Zhou, Yuan & Wang, Jiangjiang & Dong, Fuxiang & Qin, Yanbo & Ma, Zherui & Ma, Yanpeng & Li, Jianqiang, 2021. "Novel flexibility evaluation of hybrid combined cooling, heating and power system with an improved operation strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    43. Guelpa, Elisa & Marincioni, Ludovica & Deputato, Stefania & Capone, Martina & Amelio, Stefano & Pochettino, Enrico & Verda, Vittorio, 2019. "Demand side management in district heating networks: A real application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 433-442.
    44. Guelpa, Elisa & Deputato, Stefania & Verda, Vittorio, 2018. "Thermal request optimization in district heating networks using a clustering approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 608-617.
    45. Prasad, Ramendra & Ali, Mumtaz & Xiang, Yong & Khan, Huma, 2020. "A double decomposition-based modelling approach to forecast weekly solar radiation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 9-22.
    46. Wang, Jinda & Zhou, Zhigang & Zhao, Jianing & Zheng, Jinfu & Guan, Zhiqiang, 2019. "Optimizing for clean-heating improvements in a district energy system with high penetration of wind power," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 1085-1099.
    47. Revesz, Akos & Jones, Phil & Dunham, Chris & Davies, Gareth & Marques, Catarina & Matabuena, Rodrigo & Scott, Jim & Maidment, Graeme, 2020. "Developing novel 5th generation district energy networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    48. Zou, Bin & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Sihui & Li, Yi & Yan, Jinyue & Yang, Hongxing, 2022. "Comparative study of the dynamic programming-based and rule-based operation strategies for grid-connected PV-battery systems of office buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    49. Rehman, Hassam ur & Hirvonen, Janne & Sirén, Kai, 2017. "A long-term performance analysis of three different configurations for community-sized solar heating systems in high latitudes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 479-493.
    50. Huang, Xiaona & Wang, Qiliang & Yang, Honglun & Zhong, Shuai & Jiao, Dongsheng & Zhang, Kaili & Li, Mujun & Pei, Gang, 2019. "Theoretical and experimental studies of impacts of heat shields on heat pipe evacuated tube solar collector," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 999-1009.
    51. Rode, Philipp & Keim, Christian & Robazza, Guido & Viejo, Pablo & Schofield, James, 2014. "Cities and energy: urban morphology and residential heat-energy demand," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 60778, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    52. Egging-Bratseth, Ruud & Kauko, Hanne & Knudsen, Brage Rugstad & Bakke, Sara Angell & Ettayebi, Amina & Haufe, Ina Renate, 2021. "Seasonal storage and demand side management in district heating systems with demand uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    53. Reynolds, Jonathan & Rezgui, Yacine & Kwan, Alan & Piriou, Solène, 2018. "A zone-level, building energy optimisation combining an artificial neural network, a genetic algorithm, and model predictive control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 729-739.
    54. Rismanchi, B., 2017. "District energy network (DEN), current global status and future development," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 571-579.
    55. Chi, Fang'ai & Xu, Liming & Pan, Jiajie & Wang, Ruonan & Tao, Yekang & Guo, Yuang & Peng, Changhai, 2020. "Prediction of the total day-round thermal load for residential buildings at various scales based on weather forecast data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    56. Vandermeulen, Annelies & van der Heijde, Bram & Helsen, Lieve, 2018. "Controlling district heating and cooling networks to unlock flexibility: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 103-115.
    57. Lund, Henrik & Werner, Sven & Wiltshire, Robin & Svendsen, Svend & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2014. "4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-11.
    58. Vivian, Jacopo & Quaggiotto, Davide & Zarrella, Angelo, 2020. "Increasing the energy flexibility of existing district heating networks through flow rate variations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    59. Yang, Shiyu & Wan, Man Pun & Chen, Wanyu & Ng, Bing Feng & Dubey, Swapnil, 2020. "Model predictive control with adaptive machine-learning-based model for building energy efficiency and comfort optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    60. Tan, Xianchun & Lai, Haiping & Gu, Baihe & Zeng, Yuan & Li, Hui, 2018. "Carbon emission and abatement potential outlook in China's building sector through 2050," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 429-439.
    61. Gao, Datong & Gao, Guangtao & Cao, Jingyu & Zhong, Shuai & Ren, Xiao & Dabwan, Yousef N. & Hu, Maobin & Jiao, Dongsheng & Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Pei, Gang, 2020. "Experimental and numerical analysis of an efficiently optimized evacuated flat plate solar collector under medium temperature," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    62. Huang, Junpeng & Tian, Zhiyong & Fan, Jianhua, 2019. "A comprehensive analysis on development and transition of the solar thermal market in China with more than 70% market share worldwide," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 611-624.
    63. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2021. "Demand response and other demand side management techniques for district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    64. Åberg, M. & Henning, D., 2011. "Optimisation of a Swedish district heating system with reduced heat demand due to energy efficiency measures in residential buildings," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 7839-7852.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chan, Siyan & Zhao, Bin & Yu, Qiongwan & Chen, Ken & Hu, Kongfu & Pei, Gang, 2024. "Seasonal heat regulation in photovoltaic/thermal collectors with switchable backplate technology: Experiments and simulations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    2. Li, Wei & Ling, Xiang, 2023. "Performance analysis of a sorption heat storage-photocatalytic combined passive solar envelope for space heating and air purification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    3. Dongdong Lu & Zilong Wang, 2023. "Towards green economic recovery: how to improve green total factor productivity," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(5), pages 3163-3185, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gao, Datong & Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Hu, Maobin & Pei, Gang, 2022. "The energy, exergy, and techno-economic analysis of a solar seasonal residual energy utilization system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    2. Danica Djurić Ilić, 2020. "Classification of Measures for Dealing with District Heating Load Variations—A Systematic Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-27, December.
    3. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2021. "Demand response and other demand side management techniques for district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    4. Golmohamadi, Hessam & Larsen, Kim Guldstrand & Jensen, Peter Gjøl & Hasrat, Imran Riaz, 2022. "Integration of flexibility potentials of district heating systems into electricity markets: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    5. Guelpa, E. & Capone, M. & Sciacovelli, A. & Vasset, N. & Baviere, R. & Verda, V., 2023. "Reduction of supply temperature in existing district heating: A review of strategies and implementations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    6. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2019. "Thermal energy storage in district heating and cooling systems: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Angelidis, O. & Ioannou, A. & Friedrich, D. & Thomson, A. & Falcone, G., 2023. "District heating and cooling networks with decentralised energy substations: Opportunities and barriers for holistic energy system decarbonisation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    8. Gao, Datong & Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Dabwan, Yousef Naji & Hu, Maobin & Hao, Yong & Zhang, Tao & Pei, Gang, 2022. "Seasonal-regulatable energy systems design and optimization for solar energy year-round utilization☆," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    9. Anna Grzegórska & Piotr Rybarczyk & Valdas Lukoševičius & Joanna Sobczak & Andrzej Rogala, 2021. "Smart Asset Management for District Heating Systems in the Baltic Sea Region," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-25, January.
    10. Guo, Yurun & Wang, Shugang & Wang, Jihong & Zhang, Tengfei & Ma, Zhenjun & Jiang, Shuang, 2024. "Key district heating technologies for building energy flexibility: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    11. Capone, Martina & Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2021. "Multi-objective optimization of district energy systems with demand response," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    12. Gjoka, Kristian & Rismanchi, Behzad & Crawford, Robert H., 2023. "Fifth-generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of recent advancements and implementation barriers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    13. Saletti, Costanza & Zimmerman, Nathan & Morini, Mirko & Kyprianidis, Konstantinos & Gambarotta, Agostino, 2021. "Enabling smart control by optimally managing the State of Charge of district heating networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    14. Janne Suhonen & Juha Jokisalo & Risto Kosonen & Ville Kauppi & Yuchen Ju & Philipp Janßen, 2020. "Demand Response Control of Space Heating in Three Different Building Types in Finland and Germany," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-35, November.
    15. Gustafsson, Marcus & Gustafsson, Moa Swing & Myhren, Jonn Are & Bales, Chris & Holmberg, Sture, 2016. "Techno-economic analysis of energy renovation measures for a district heated multi-family house," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 108-116.
    16. Vivian, Jacopo & Quaggiotto, Davide & Zarrella, Angelo, 2020. "Increasing the energy flexibility of existing district heating networks through flow rate variations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    17. Egging-Bratseth, Ruud & Kauko, Hanne & Knudsen, Brage Rugstad & Bakke, Sara Angell & Ettayebi, Amina & Haufe, Ina Renate, 2021. "Seasonal storage and demand side management in district heating systems with demand uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    18. Gao, Datong & Zhong, Shuai & Ren, Xiao & Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Pei, Gang, 2022. "The energetic, exergetic, and mechanical comparison of two structurally optimized non-concentrating solar collectors for intermediate temperature applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 881-898.
    19. Nord, Natasa & Shakerin, Mohammad & Tereshchenko, Tymofii & Verda, Vittorio & Borchiellini, Romano, 2021. "Data informed physical models for district heating grids with distributed heat sources to understand thermal and hydraulic aspects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    20. Kristensen, Martin Heine & Hedegaard, Rasmus Elbæk & Petersen, Steffen, 2020. "Long-term forecasting of hourly district heating loads in urban areas using hierarchical archetype modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:321:y:2022:i:c:s0306261922006766. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.