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Energetic and economic analysis of a PV-assisted air-to-water heat pump system for renovated residential buildings with high-temperature heat emission system

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  • Heinz, Andreas
  • Rieberer, René

Abstract

Air-to-water heat pumps are attractive as a replacement of inefficient fossil fuel-based heating systems in thermally renovated buildings. If existing radiator heating systems are not replaced during renovation, high flow temperatures limit the efficiency of the heat pump. For such systems we analysed the possibility to reduce grid electricity consumption by combining the heat pump with a photovoltaic system, a thermal storage (water tank) and an intelligent rule-based control system that enables targeted heat pump operation with on-site PV electricity. Detailed TRNSYS simulations were carried out for space heating and domestic hot water preparation in a single-family house in Zurich in two renovation scenarios. Different strategies for improved control were analysed and combined to an integrated control approach. To perform an economic analysis, the payback time of the PV system was analysed for different PV and storage sizes. Assuming typical Austrian electricity prizes and feed-in tariffs, the shortest payback time of 17.1 years can be achieved with 5kWp of PV, combined with a storage volume of 1 m3. If operated with this optimum size and the advanced control, the system saves 2400 kWh/a (a reduction of –29%) of grid electricity, and the net cost of electricity is lowered by 585€/a (–35%) as compared to the same system without PV. A sensitivity analysis was performed to consider the situation in different countries, using different electricity prizes and feed-in tariffs. The results show how these influence the payback time and the optimum size of the PV system.

Suggested Citation

  • Heinz, Andreas & Rieberer, René, 2021. "Energetic and economic analysis of a PV-assisted air-to-water heat pump system for renovated residential buildings with high-temperature heat emission system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:293:y:2021:i:c:s030626192100430x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116953
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mitterrutzner, Benjamin & Callegher, Claudio Zandonella & Fraboni, Riccardo & Wilczynski, Eric & Pezzutto, Simon, 2023. "Review of heating and cooling technologies for buildings: A techno-economic case study of eleven European countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    2. Gergely, László Zsolt & Csoknyai, Tamás & Horváth, Miklós, 2022. "Novel load matching indicators for photovoltaic system sizing and evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    3. Obika, Echezona & Heberle, Florian & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2024. "Thermodynamic analysis of novel mixtures including siloxanes and cyclic hydrocarbons for high-temperature heat pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    4. Chen, Minghao & Xie, Zhiyuan & Sun, Yi & Zheng, Shunlin, 2023. "The predictive management in campus heating system based on deep reinforcement learning and probabilistic heat demands forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    5. Haolan Liao & Rong Ren & Lu Li, 2023. "Existing Building Renovation: A Review of Barriers to Economic and Environmental Benefits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-23, February.
    6. Hosseinnia, Seyed Mojtaba & Sorin, Mikhail, 2022. "Energy targeting approach for optimum solar assisted ground source heat pump integration in buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    7. Lämmle, Manuel & Bongs, Constanze & Wapler, Jeannette & Günther, Danny & Hess, Stefan & Kropp, Michael & Herkel, Sebastian, 2022. "Performance of air and ground source heat pumps retrofitted to radiator heating systems and measures to reduce space heating temperatures in existing buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    8. Josué F. Rosales-Pérez & Andrés Villarruel-Jaramillo & José A. Romero-Ramos & Manuel Pérez-García & José M. Cardemil & Rodrigo Escobar, 2023. "Hybrid System of Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Technologies for Industrial Process Heat," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-45, February.
    9. Tianbao Sun & Zhun Li & Yujun Gou & Guangzheng Guo & Yue An & Yongqi Fu & Qingan Li & Xiaohui Zhong, 2024. "Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Photovoltaic Photothermal Modules in Solar Heat Pump Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-14, February.
    10. Barnaś, Krzysztof & Jeleński, Tomasz & Nowak-Ocłoń, Marzena & Racoń-Leja, Kinga & Radziszewska-Zielina, Elżbieta & Szewczyk, Bartłomiej & Śladowski, Grzegorz & Toś, Cezary & Varbanov, Petar Sabev, 2023. "Algorithm for the comprehensive thermal retrofit of housing stock aided by renewable energy supply: A sustainable case for Krakow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).

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