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Analysis on the operating performance of 5-kW class solid oxide fuel cell-internal combustion engine hybrid system using spark-assisted ignition

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  • Kim, Jaehyun
  • Kim, Yongtae
  • Choi, Wonjae
  • Ahn, Kook Young
  • Song, Han Ho

Abstract

The objective of the proposed hybrid system is to increase the system efficiency by using the residual fuel of the anode off-gas from a solid oxide fuel cell in an internal combustion engine (ICE). In this study, a novel hybrid system using spark-assisted ignition (SAI) in an ICE operation is proposed. Since this is the first attempt of using a new combustion concept in a hybrid system, feasibility of SAI and its effect on the system operation are investigated in this study. To analyze the effect of the combustion on the system, the engine experiments on the SAI were conducted by changing the engine operating parameters, such as the intake temperature, equivalence ratio, and spark timing. For the system-level analysis, a zero-dimensional model for the fuel cell and the balance of plants was developed and validated. The results of the engine experiments were integrated directly with the system model. The performance of the hybrid system using SAI was analyzed from the energy and exergy perspectives. Under the operating conditions of this study, the anode off-gas combustion can be controlled stably (COV: 5–7%) through the SAI, even though the intake temperature is decreased to ~280 °C at the low compression ratio of 8.2. It leads to an increase in exergy efficiency of the engine to ~37%. Consequently, thermal self-sustainability is improved and the indicated efficiency of ~61.6% is achieved in the hybrid system. The SAI engine is responsible for ~14% of the system power and produces considerably low NOX emissions (<~3 ppm at 15% O2 on a dry basis).

Suggested Citation

  • Kim, Jaehyun & Kim, Yongtae & Choi, Wonjae & Ahn, Kook Young & Song, Han Ho, 2020. "Analysis on the operating performance of 5-kW class solid oxide fuel cell-internal combustion engine hybrid system using spark-assisted ignition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:260:y:2020:i:c:s030626191931918x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114231
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. D.F. Chuahy, Flavio & Kokjohn, Sage L., 2019. "Solid oxide fuel cell and advanced combustion engine combined cycle: A pathway to 70% electrical efficiency," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 391-408.
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    5. Cho, Mingyu & Kim, Yongtae & Ho Song, Han, 2022. "Solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system utilizing an internal combustion engine for anode off-gas recirculation, external reforming, and additional power generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    6. David Diskin & Leonid Tartakovsky, 2020. "Efficiency at Maximum Power of the Low-Dissipation Hybrid Electrochemical–Otto Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-10, August.
    7. Kim, Young Sang & Lee, Young Duk & Ahn, Kook Young, 2020. "System integration and proof-of-concept test results of SOFC–engine hybrid power generation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    8. Koo, Taehyung & Kim, Young Sang & Lee, Young Duk & Yu, Sangseok & Lee, Dong Keun & Ahn, Kook Young, 2021. "Exergetic evaluation of operation results of 5-kW-class SOFC-HCCI engine hybrid power generation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
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