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Prospect for small-hydropower installation settled upon optimal water allocation: An action to stimulate synergies of water-food-energy nexus

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  • Zhou, Yanlai
  • Chang, Li-Chiu
  • Uen, Tin-Shuan
  • Guo, Shenglian
  • Xu, Chong-Yu
  • Chang, Fi-John

Abstract

The incorporation of renewable power generation into existing water supply systems is known to have far-reaching influences on system operation in response to booming urbanization. This study proposed a holistic system-wide solution driven by water resources perspectives encouraging small-hydropower generation using artificial intelligence techniques to leverage the synergies of the Water-Food-Energy (WFE) Nexus. The Shihmen Reservoir and its water supply system serving the public and agricultural sectors in northern Taiwan constituted the study case. The proposed three-faceted approach was explored systematically through: optimizing multi-sectoral water allocation, maximizing the installation of small-hydropower turbines aligned with the obtained optimal multi-sectoral water allocation, and uplifting the synergistic benefits of the WFE Nexus steered by the optimal water allocation and small-hydropower installation. The findings pointed out that the derived optimal water allocation could greatly alleviate water shortage conditions and improve reservoir water retention while the acquired optimal small-hydropower installation scheme could favor hydropower output without reducing water supply to demanding sectors. Taking the M-5 operational rule curves simulation as the benchmark, the comparative results demonstrated that the multi-year joint optimization under the collaboration of water allocation and small-hydropower installation could offer mutually beneficial outcomes on the WFE Nexus: largely mitigate the average annual water shortage index by up to 40.0% (water sector), boost the average annual food production by as high as 10.6% (food sector), and lift the average annual hydropower output by 7.5% (17 million USD/yr; energy sector), respectively. This study not only opens new perspectives on cleaner energy production benefiting WFE Nexus synergies but suggests policymakers with executable strategies on small-hydropower practice in the light of sustainable development, which carves a niche in small-hydropower practice and contributes to the fulfillment of future energy needs.

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  • Zhou, Yanlai & Chang, Li-Chiu & Uen, Tin-Shuan & Guo, Shenglian & Xu, Chong-Yu & Chang, Fi-John, 2019. "Prospect for small-hydropower installation settled upon optimal water allocation: An action to stimulate synergies of water-food-energy nexus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 668-682.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:238:y:2019:i:c:p:668-682
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.069
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    5. Kuriqi, Alban & Pinheiro, António N. & Sordo-Ward, Alvaro & Garrote, Luis, 2019. "Flow regime aspects in determining environmental flows and maximising energy production at run-of-river hydropower plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    6. Jue Wang & Keyi Ju & Xiaozhuo Wei, 2022. "Where Will ‘Water-Energy-Food’ Research Go Next?—Visualisation Review and Prospect," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, June.
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    9. Zhou, Yanlai & Chang, Fi-John & Chang, Li-Chiu & Lee, Wei-De & Huang, Angela & Xu, Chong-Yu & Guo, Shenglian, 2020. "An advanced complementary scheme of floating photovoltaic and hydropower generation flourishing water-food-energy nexus synergies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    10. Kostner, Michael K. & Zanfei, Ariele & Alberizzi, Jacopo C. & Renzi, Massimiliano & Righetti, Maurizio & Menapace, Andrea, 2023. "Micro hydro power generation in water distribution networks through the optimal pumps-as-turbines sizing and control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
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