IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v16y2019i9p1648-d230403.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Coupling and Coordination Degrees of the Core Water–Energy–Food Nexus in China

Author

Listed:
  • Shasha Xu

    (Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Weijun He

    (College of Economic & Management, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China)

  • Juqin Shen

    (Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Dagmawi Mulugeta Degefu

    (College of Economic & Management, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada)

  • Liang Yuan

    (College of Economic & Management, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China)

  • Yang Kong

    (College of Economic & Management, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China)

Abstract

Achieving sustainable development in the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus is gaining global attention. The coupling and coordination degrees are a way to measure sustainable development levels of a complex system. This study assessed the coupling and coordination degrees of the core WEF nexus and identified key factors that affect sustainable development. First, an index system for assessing coupling and coordination degrees of the core WEF nexus was built. Second, the development levels of three subsystems as well as the coupling and coordination degrees of the core WEF nexus in China were calculated. The results showed that from 2007 to 2016, the mean value of the coupling degree was 0.746 (range (0.01, 1)), which was a high level. This proved that the three resources were interdependent. Hence, it was necessary to study their relationship. However, the mean value of the coordination degree was 0.395 (range (0, 1)), which was a low level. This showed that the coordination development of the core WEF nexus in China was low. It is necessary to take some measures to improve the situation. According to the key factors that affect the development levels of water, energy, and food subsystems, the authors put forward some suggestions to improve the coordination development of the WEF system in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Shasha Xu & Weijun He & Juqin Shen & Dagmawi Mulugeta Degefu & Liang Yuan & Yang Kong, 2019. "Coupling and Coordination Degrees of the Core Water–Energy–Food Nexus in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:9:p:1648-:d:230403
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/9/1648/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/9/1648/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. White, David J. & Hubacek, Klaus & Feng, Kuishuang & Sun, Laixiang & Meng, Bo, 2018. "The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in East Asia: A tele-connected value chain analysis using inter-regional input-output analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 550-567.
    2. Bazilian, Morgan & Rogner, Holger & Howells, Mark & Hermann, Sebastian & Arent, Douglas & Gielen, Dolf & Steduto, Pasquale & Mueller, Alexander & Komor, Paul & Tol, Richard S.J. & Yumkella, Kandeh K., 2011. "Considering the energy, water and food nexus: Towards an integrated modelling approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 7896-7906.
    3. Sang-Hyun Lee & Jin-Yong Choi & Seung-Hwan Yoo & Rabi H. Mohtar, 2018. "Water footprint for Korean rice products and virtual water trade in a water-energy-food nexus," Water International, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(6), pages 871-886, August.
    4. Dagmawi Mulugeta Degefu & Weijun He & Liang Yuan & Jian Hua Zhao, 2016. "Water Allocation in Transboundary River Basins under Water Scarcity: a Cooperative Bargaining Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(12), pages 4451-4466, September.
    5. Martinez-Hernandez, Elias & Leach, Matthew & Yang, Aidong, 2017. "Understanding water-energy-food and ecosystem interactions using the nexus simulation tool NexSym," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1009-1021.
    6. Siddiqi, Afreen & Anadon, Laura Diaz, 2011. "The water-energy nexus in Middle East and North Africa," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(8), pages 4529-4540, August.
    7. Yang, Hong & Zehnder, Alexander J. B., 2002. "Water Scarcity and Food Import: A Case Study for Southern Mediterranean Countries," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 1413-1430, August.
    8. Luis Santos Pereira, 2017. "Water, Agriculture and Food: Challenges and Issues," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(10), pages 2985-2999, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kaixuan Liang & You Zou & Guiyuan Li, 2024. "Spatiotemporal Evaluation of the Coupling Relationship between Public Service Facilities and Population: A Case Study of Wuhan Metropolitan Area, Central China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-22, September.
    2. Lei Jin & Yuanhua Chang & Xianwei Ju & Fei Xu, 2019. "A Study on the Sustainable Development of Water, Energy, and Food in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Min Wang & Yiming An & Rupu Yang & Xiaoyu Shan & Liping Li & Xiangzhao Feng, 2024. "Analysis of the Coupling Coordinated Development of the Water-Soil-Energy-Carbon System in Northwest China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-16, May.
    4. Shunsheng Wang & Ruijie Yang & Shang Shi & Aili Wang & Tengfei Liu & Jinyue Yang, 2023. "Characteristics and Influencing Factors of the Spatial and Temporal Variability of the Coupled Water–Energy–Food Nexus in the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-17, September.
    5. Shi An & Shaoliang Zhang & Huping Hou & Yiyan Zhang & Haonan Xu & Jie Liang, 2022. "Coupling Coordination Analysis of the Ecology and Economy in the Yellow River Basin under the Background of High-Quality Development," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-19, August.
    6. Yue Gao & Linyan Bai & Kefa Zhou & Yanfei Kou & Weiting Yuan & Xiaozhen Zhou & Ziyun Qiu & Dequan Zhao & Zhihong Lv & Qiulan Wu & Feng Zhang & Qing Zhang, 2024. "Study on the Coupling Coordination Degree and Driving Mechanism of “Production-Living-Ecological” Space in Ecologically Fragile Areas: A Case Study of the Turpan–Hami Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-25, October.
    7. Shaohui Zou & Zhe Liao & Yichen Liu & Xiangbo Fan, 2024. "Research on the Impact of Heterogeneous Environmental Regulation on the Coordinated Development of China’s Water–Energy–Food System from a Spatial Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-22, January.
    8. Junfei Chen & Tonghui Ding & Huimin Wang & Xiaoya Yu, 2019. "Research on Total Factor Productivity and Influential Factors of the Regional Water–Energy–Food Nexus: A Case Study on Inner Mongolia, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-21, August.
    9. Junfei Chen & Ziyue Zhou & Lin Chen & Tonghui Ding, 2020. "Optimization of Regional Water-Energy-Food Systems Based on Interval Number Multi-Objective Programming: A Case Study of Ordos, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-18, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Tong & Tan, Qian & Yu, Xiaoning & Zhang, Shan, 2020. "Synergy assessment and optimization for water-energy-food nexus: Modeling and application," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    2. Ding, Tao & Liang, Liang & Zhou, Kaile & Yang, Min & Wei, Yuqi, 2020. "Water-energy nexus: The origin, development and prospect," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 419(C).
    3. Ju, Yiyi, 2019. "Revealing the bilateral dependencies and policy implication of food production of Japan and China: From the perspective of Food-Energy-Water nexus," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 391(C), pages 29-39.
    4. Zhou, Yanlai & Chang, Li-Chiu & Uen, Tin-Shuan & Guo, Shenglian & Xu, Chong-Yu & Chang, Fi-John, 2019. "Prospect for small-hydropower installation settled upon optimal water allocation: An action to stimulate synergies of water-food-energy nexus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 668-682.
    5. Cássia Juliana Fernandes Torres & Camilla Hellen Peixoto de Lima & Bárbara Suzart de Almeida Goodwin & Terencio Rebello de Aguiar Junior & Andrea Sousa Fontes & Daniel Veras Ribeiro & Rodrigo Saldanha, 2019. "A Literature Review to Propose a Systematic Procedure to Develop “Nexus Thinking” Considering the Water–Energy–Food Nexus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-32, December.
    6. Soprani, Stefano & Marongiu, Fabrizio & Christensen, Ludvig & Alm, Ole & Petersen, Kenni Dinesen & Ulrich, Thomas & Engelbrecht, Kurt, 2019. "Design and testing of a horizontal rock bed for high temperature thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    7. White, David J. & Hubacek, Klaus & Feng, Kuishuang & Sun, Laixiang & Meng, Bo, 2018. "The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in East Asia: A tele-connected value chain analysis using inter-regional input-output analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 550-567.
    8. Pauline Macharia & Maria Wirth & Paul Yillia & Norbert Kreuzinger, 2021. "Examining the Relative Impact of Drivers on Energy Input for Municipal Water Supply in Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-27, July.
    9. Yang, Jin & Chen, Bin, 2016. "Energy–water nexus of wind power generation systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1-13.
    10. Zhang, Xiaohong & Qi, Yan & Wang, Yanqing & Wu, Jun & Lin, Lili & Peng, Hong & Qi, Hui & Yu, Xiaoyu & Zhang, Yanzong, 2016. "Effect of the tap water supply system on China's economy and energy consumption, and its emissions’ impact," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 660-671.
    11. Yue, Qiong & Guo, Ping, 2021. "Managing agricultural water-energy-food-environment nexus considering water footprint and carbon footprint under uncertainty," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    12. Jing Zhu & Shenghong Kang & Wenwu Zhao & Qiujie Li & Xinyuan Xie & Xiangping Hu, 2020. "A Bibliometric Analysis of Food–Energy–Water Nexus: Progress and Prospects," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-22, December.
    13. Khan, Zarrar & Linares, Pedro & García-González, Javier, 2017. "Integrating water and energy models for policy driven applications. A review of contemporary work and recommendations for future developments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1123-1138.
    14. Karimov, Akmal Kh. & Smakhtin, Vladimir & Karimov, Aziz A. & Khodjiev, Khalim & Yakubov, Sadyk & Platonov, Alexander & Avliyakulov, Mirzaolim, 2018. "Reducing the energy intensity of lift irrigation schemes of Northern Tajikistan- potential options," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2967-2975.
    15. Assaf, Sameer & Nour, Mutasim, 2015. "Potential of energy and water efficiency improvement in Abu Dhabi's building sector – Analysis of Estidama pearl rating system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 100-107.
    16. Schlör, Holger & Venghaus, Sandra, 2022. "Measuring resilience in the food-energy-water nexus based on ethical values and trade relations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    17. Yi Liang & Aixi Han & Li Chai & Hong Zhi, 2020. "Using the Machine Learning Method to Study the Environmental Footprints Embodied in Chinese Diet," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-17, October.
    18. Qiangyi Li & Lan Yang & Fangxin Jiang & Yangqing Liu & Chenyang Guo & Shuya Han, 2022. "Distribution Characteristics, Regional Differences and Spatial Convergence of the Water-Energy-Land-Food Nexus: A Case Study of China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-28, September.
    19. Nogueira Vilanova, Mateus Ricardo & Perrella Balestieri, José Antônio, 2015. "Exploring the water-energy nexus in Brazil: The electricity use for water supply," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 415-432.
    20. Nematchoua, Modeste Kameni, 2021. "Analysis and comparison of potential resources and new energy policy of Madagascar island; A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 747-763.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:9:p:1648-:d:230403. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.